智能交通系统对有序发展的公路交通极为重要 ,对发展中国家发展智能铁路交通系统更具重要性 .本文对ITS和IRTS作对比分析 ,指出它们之间相同性、相似性 ,也指出IRTS的开发有它自己的特点 ,有些在ITS中应用的关键技术 ,不一定是IRTS中的重要技术 .开发IRTS ,诸如 :智能化列车制动问题、移动自动闭塞系统、空车的智能化调度问题、列车运行的智能化调度问题、智能化列车编组问题等 ,对中国铁路开展IRTS具有一定的战略意义 Intelligent transportation system is very important to the orderly development of road traffic and more important for developing countries to develop intelligent railway transportation system.This paper analyzes ITS and IRTS comparatively and points out the sameness and similarity between them and also points out that IRTS Development has its own characteristics, and some of the key technologies used in ITS are not necessarily the important technologies in IRTS.Development of IRTS, such as: intelligent train braking problem, mobile automatic blocking system, intelligent scheduling problem of empty car, Intelligent scheduling of train operation, intelligent train formation, etc., have a strategic significance for China Railway to carry out IRTS