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目的 :了解口腔颌面部创伤患者创伤后积极心理反应及相关影响因素。方法 :使用自行设计的一般资料问卷、创伤后成长评定量表和自我形象问卷对105例口腔颌面部创伤住院患者进行调查,采用SPSS 18.0软件包对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果:患者创伤后积极心理得分为56.01±17.322,自我形象平均分为51.33±7.306;男性患者创伤后在新的可能性、个人力量、自我转变、人生感悟方面得分较高,与女性相比差异显著(P<0.05);不同年龄段创伤后积极心理反应差异均无显著性;随着文化程度的提高,患者创伤后个人力量(P=0.031)和自我转变(P=0.01)表现越积极;患者创伤后积极心理得分与自我形象得分呈负相关(r=-0.318,P<0.001)。结论:创伤后男性患者较女性有更加积极的心态。随着文化程度的提高,患者在个人力量和自我转变方面有更加积极的心理反应,而在与他人关系、新的可能性和人生感悟方面无显著变化;患者对自我形象越好,心理越积极。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the post-traumatic positive psychological reaction and related factors in oral and maxillofacial trauma patients. Methods: A total of 105 patients with oral and maxillofacial inpatients were surveyed by using self-designed general information questionnaire, post-traumatic growth assessment scale and self-image questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software package. Results: The score of positive psychology after trauma was 56.01 ± 17.322 and the average self-image was 51.33 ± 7.306. The score of male patient was higher in new possibility, personal strength, self-transformation and life perception after trauma, compared with female (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive psychological reactions after trauma between different ages. With the improvement of educational level, the more positive the personal power (P = 0.031) and self-transformation (P = 0.01) There was a negative correlation between positive psychological score and self-image score after trauma (r = -0.318, P <0.001). Conclusion: The traumatic male patients have a more positive attitude than women. With the improvement of educational level, patients had more positive psychological reactions in the aspect of personal power and self-transformation, but no significant changes in relationship with others, new possibilities and perception of life. The better the patient’s self-image, the more active the psychology .