中篇《哥萨克》是托尔斯泰早期创作中较为重要的一部,在整个托氏创作里起着承前启后的作用。但长期以来,学术界对该作品的解读建立在社会学批评的基础上,认为托翁重点描写俄国社会多余人的爱情悲剧。本文另辟蹊径,以当代生态文学批评为切入口,指出爱情悲剧的实质在于文明与野蛮的冲突,揭示了《哥萨克》的生态内涵,由此进一步指出托翁生态思想之渐成,及其对后来创作的影响。 The middle-length “Cossacks” is an important part of Tolstoi’s early works and plays a leading and influential role in the creation of Toto. For a long time, however, the academic interpretation of this work has been based on the critique of sociology and holds the view that Topone describes the love tragedy of the redundant people in Russian society. This paper tries to find a new way to criticize contemporary eco-literary criticism. It points out that the essence of love tragedy lies in the conflict between civilization and savagery, revealing the ecological connotation of “Cossacks” Impact.