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研究了低盐度海水(盐度为15)和淡水(盐度为0)对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis,以下简称河蟹)性腺发育及交配行为的影响,并比较了河蟹交配和产卵前后的性腺指数及肝胰腺指数的变化。实验分为4组,分别为低盐度海水雌蟹组、淡水雌蟹组、低盐度海水雄蟹组和淡水雄蟹组。结果表明,(1)各组河蟹的成活率均在80%左右,无显著差异(P>0.05);(2)实验第15天、30天和45天时,低盐度海水雌蟹组的卵巢指数显著高于淡水雌蟹组(P<0.05),低盐度海水雄蟹组的性腺指数也略高于淡水雄蟹组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);(3)实验第30天时,低盐度海水雌蟹组的肝胰腺指数显著低于淡水雌蟹组(P<0.05),其余采样时间两组雌体间或两组雄体间的肝胰腺指数差异不显著(P>0.05),实验期间,两组雌体的肝胰腺指数均显著下降(P<0.05);(4)实验第45天,低盐度海水雌蟹组和雄蟹组实验个体全部能够交配,有66.7%的低盐度海水雌蟹组的个体交配后2 d内产卵,淡水雄蟹组有部分个体在低盐度海水中有发情行为;(5)低盐度海水组,雌蟹产卵后和雄蟹交配后的性腺指数均显著下降(P<0.05),但肝胰腺指数下降不显著(P>0.05)。
The effects of low salinity seawater (salinity 15) and freshwater (salinity 0) on gonadal development and mating behavior of Eriocheir sinensis (Crab) were studied. Gonadal index and changes in hepatopancreas index. The experiment was divided into 4 groups, namely the low salinity seawater female crab group, the freshwater female crab group, the low salinity seawater male crab group and the freshwater male crab group. The results showed that: (1) Survival rate of crabs in each group was about 80%, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05); (2) On the 15th, 30th and 45th days, (P <0.05). The gonadal index in low salinity saltwater crab group was also slightly higher than that in freshwater crab group, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). (3) On the 30th day (P <0.05). The difference of hepatopancreas index between female and male was not significant (P> 0.05) at the other sampling time. (P <0.05); (4) On the 45th day of the experiment, all the experimental individuals in the low salinity seawater crab group and the male crab group were able to mate, with a low of 66.7% Some individuals in salinity seawater female Crab group lay eggs within 2 days after mating, and some individuals in freshwater crab group have estrus behavior in low salinity seawater. (5) In low salinity seawater group, female crabs mate with male crab (P <0.05), but the index of hepatopancreas did not decrease significantly (P> 0.05).