意见规则是规范证人作证范围的证据规则。在英美证据法上，作为一般原则，证人只应就 他曾经亲身感知的事实提供证言，而不得就这些事实进行推论。意见规则以否定性形式表达 了此项要求。意见规则的基本内容是，证人有关事实的意见、信念或据此进行的推论，为证明所信事实 或 Opinion rules are evidence rules that govern the scope of witness testimony. In the Anglo-American law of evidence, as a general rule, witnesses should only testify about the fact that he had personally known, and no inference should be made on these facts. The rules of opinion express this requirement in a negative way.  The basic content of the rules of opinion is that the witness’s opinions, beliefs or deductions based on the facts, in order to prove the facts or