厌氧菌感染在临床上的重要性日益为人们所重视。Finegold及Levison报道,细菌感染性疾病中,三分之二有厌氧菌存在。据Anderson和Dion统计,手术后切口感染的三分之一至二分之一和腹内脓肿的三分之二由厌氧菌引起。在腹膜切口,腹腔脓液,腹部伤口中,厌氧菌培养的阳性率可高达至80％。目前普遍认为,临床上常见的感染中,实际上不少是厌氧菌与需氧菌(或兼性厌氧菌)的混合感染。有些是以厌氧菌起主导作用。目前对厌氧菌的研究工作刚刚开始,一般医院的实验室尚不能正确进行厌氧菌的培养,因此,很多临床医生对它尚缺乏必要的认识。临床上某些症状很象细菌感染,但常规细菌培养阴性,用常用抗生素治疗又无效的病例,可能大多数是厌氧 The clinical importance of anaerobic infections is becoming more and more important. Finegold and Levison report that two thirds of anaerobic bacteria are present in bacterial infections. According to Anderson and Dion statistics, one-third to one-half of incisional wound infections and two-thirds of intra-abdominal abscesses are caused by anaerobic bacteria. In the peritoneal incision, abdominal pus, abdominal wounds, the positive rate of anaerobic culture can be as high as 80%. It is generally accepted that, in clinically common infections, in fact, many of them are mixed infections of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria (or facultative anaerobes). Some anaerobic bacteria play a leading role. At present, the research work on anaerobic bacteria has just begun. The labs in general hospitals are still not capable of culturing anaerobes correctly. Therefore, many clinicians lack the necessary knowledge about it. Some clinical symptoms are very similar to bacterial infections, but routine bacterial culture negative, with the usual antibiotic treatment and invalid cases, most likely anaerobic