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ACTH是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hypothalamic-pitu itary-adrenal axis,HPAA)的重要成员,通过增高3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶以及胆固醇侧链氧化裂解酶系活性[1],可促进皮质甾体合成;ACTH通过对皮质激素及促肾上腺皮质素释放激素(corticotropin-releasing hormone,CRH)的调节使HPA轴活性维持正常并促进肾上腺的发育。ACTH亦可通过增强其他酶的活性(如ACTH影响腺苷酸环化酶活性以提高cAMP水平)而影响能量产生和糖代谢过程。ACTH相关受体在中枢系统和免疫细胞上均有广泛分布,提示ACTH对免疫系统和神经内分泌系统均具有调节作用。
ACTH is an important member of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), which is mediated by increased 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and cholesterol side chain oxidase activity [1], can promote corticosteroid synthesis; ACTH through the regulation of corticotropin and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) to maintain normal HPA axis activity and promote adrenal development. ACTH also affects energy production and glucose metabolism by enhancing the activity of other enzymes, such as ACTH affecting adenylate cyclase activity to increase cAMP levels. ACTH-related receptors in the central system and immune cells are widely distributed, suggesting that ACTH on the immune system and neuroendocrine system have a regulatory role.