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物探作为一种地质勘探手段,早被广泛用于探矿、探查石油构造,以及工程地质、水文地质勘察等方面。50年代后期,我国有关勘测设计单位在多年冻土区工程地质调查时便开始使用了物探方法,但正式把冰川冻土物探做为一种专门技术进行系统的研究和应用则始于60年代初。现已发展成为电法、地震法、重力、放射性、雷达、测井和实验室研究等综合物探方法,并能有效地测定冰川和冻土的厚度,圈定多年冻土和融区的分布范围,了解地下冰状况和冻结松散沉积物厚度等,在冰川冻土研究和勘测工作中发挥了积极的作用。
Geophysical prospecting as a means of geological exploration has long been widely used in prospecting, exploration of petroleum structures, as well as engineering geology, hydrogeological exploration and so on. In the late 1950s, relevant surveying and designing units in China began to use geophysical methods in geotechnical surveys of permafrost regions. However, the systematic study and application of geothermal exploration of glacial frozen earth as a specialized technique began in the early 1960s . It has been developed into comprehensive geophysical methods such as electrical method, seismic method, gravity, radioactivity, radar, logging and laboratory research. It can effectively measure the thickness of glaciers and permafrost, delineate the distribution range of permafrost and the melting zone, Understanding the conditions of underground ice and freezing the thickness of loose sediments has played an active role in the research and survey of glacial frozen soil.