论文部分内容阅读
一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1. When a good deed turns out to be part of a dishonest and untrue ， it really hurts people and can make them indifferent to others sufferings.
A. compromiseB. scheme
C. promotionD. discount
2. We teach students to think about the texts they are reading.
A. significantlyB. considerably
C. drasticallyD. critically
3. Just as first impressions are hard to change， the incorrect information gets stuck in our memory， even if we later read .
A. insteadB. otherwise
C. regardlessD. rather
4. people in western countries are busy preparing Christmas gifts for their loved ones， Chinese people are looking forward to Spring Festival， Chinas most important annual event.
A. AlthoughB. While
C. DespiteD. For
5. Slim and beautiful， his mother was the centre of the home， the glue that it together.
A. supportedB. held
C. advocateD. regulate
6. Next door to ours ， who used to be the headmaster in our school.
A. does an old man liveB. an old man lives
C. lives an old manD. is an old man live
7. The manager wants to see changes in the company， and I am sure he will .
A. in particularB. in turn
C. in chargeD. in time
8. Whether steam or gas turbines （渦轮） are used in Chinas first domestically manufactured aircraft carrier will the nations development of highefficiency gas turbines.
A. decide onB. depend on
C. reflect onD. base on
9. Data released this month showed Chinas manufacturing purchasing managers index， which reflects the manufacturing sectors activities， for six consecutive months as of January.
A. having expandingB. expanding
C. have expandedD. had expanded
10. More than party affiliation （加盟）， I vote based on I believe is right for my family and my country.
A. whatB. that
C. whichD. where
11. My father taught us that there is nothing we cannot accomplish， if we vision and passion with an enduring work ethic.
A. interpretB. involve
C. engageD. marry
12. Its probably hard to imagine a 17yearold high school girl saying something that she has this philosophy， but the chance to read her work like I did， you wouldnt make a fuss.
A. had youB. were you have
C. would you haveD. should you have
13. Diplomatic communication is ongoing between Beijing and Tokyo at avoiding a major conflict the islands， said Shen Shishun， an expert on AsiaPacific studies at Haikou College of Economics. A. aimed； regardingB. aiming； considering
C. meant； concerningD. aiming； given
14. The newlyelected leaders took office this year， great changes have been witnessed in the socalled “Hunting Tigers” against corrupt officials.
A. whenB. during which
C. since whenD. since then
15. —Challenging as the task is， Id like to undertake it.
—. After all， its a chance for you to promote your ability.
A. Good for youB. Take it easy
C. You betD. You must be kidding
二、完形填空（共20小題；每小题1分，满分20分）
The journey of water as it flows upon the earth can be a mirror of our own paths through life. Water begins its 16 on earth as it falls from the sky or comes from ice and streams down a mountain into a river or sea. In a 17 way， we come into the world and begin our lives on earth. Like a river that flows 18 the boundaries of its banks， we are born with certain 19 that decide our identity. We are born in a specific time and place， in a specific family， and with certain gifts and disabilities. With these 20， we move through life， 21 many twists， turns， and barriers along the way 22 a river does.
Water is a great teacher that 23 us how to move through the world with grace， bravery， determination， and 24. When a river 25 at a waterfall， it gains energy and moves on. Water inspires us not to become 26 with fear or stick to whats familiar. Water is brave and does not 27 time sticking to its past， but flows onward without looking back. At the same time， when there is a 28 to be filled， water does not run away from it in fear of the dark； 29， water modestly and bravely fills the empty space. In the same way， we can face the 30 moments of our life rather than run away from them.
31， a river will empty into the sea. Water does not hold back from 32 up with a larger body， nor does it fear a loss of 33 or control. It gracefully and modestly falls into the vastness by contributing its energy without 34. Each time we move beyond our personal characters to become part of something bigger， we can try our best to 35 the lead of the river.
16. A. travelB. schedule
C. fateD. change
17. A. consistentB. similar
C. separateD. comparative
18. A. beyondB. over
C. withinD. across
19. A. assumptionB. characteristics
C. expressionsD. similarities
20. A. restrictionsB. preferences
C. opportunitiesD. dimension
21. A. living withB. competing with C. meeting withD. playing with
22. A. thatB. what
C. whereD. as
23. A. comfortsB. persuades
C. deliversD. shows
24. A. modestyB. happiness
C. honestyD. distinction
25. A. springsB. spins
C. sinksD. breaks
26. A. crazyB. hesitant
C. changeableD. fragile
27. A. manageB. save
C. accumulateD. waste
28. A. holeB. cave
C. shadowD. platform
29. A. thereforeB. instead
C. otherwiseD. besides
30. A. excitingB. quiet
C. enjoyableD. dark
31. A. RegularlyB. Absolutely
C. EventuallyD. Actually
32. A. puttingB. coming
C. catchingD. joining
33. A. lifeB. confidence
C. libertyD. root
34. A. hesitationB. permission
C. responsibilityD. freedom
35. A. takeB. follow
C. loseD. hold
三、閱读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
A
Your every significant choice—every important decision you make—is determined by a force operating deep inside your mind： your perspective on time—your personal time zone. This is the most influential force in your life， yet you are almost unaware of it. Once you become aware of your personal time zone， you can begin to see and manage your life in new exciting ways.
In The Time Paradox， Drs Zimbardo and Boyd cite thirty years of pioneering research to show， for the first time， how your individual time zone shapes your life and is shaped by the world around you. Further， they prove that your and every other individuals time zones interact to create national cultures， economy， and personal destinies.
You will discover what time zone you live in through Drs Zimbardo and Boyds revolutionary tests.
Ask yourself：
● Do you believe that nothing will ever change in your world？
● Does the smell of freshbaked cookies bring you back to your childhood？
● Do you believe that life on earth is merely preparation for life after death？
● Do you believe that the present is all and the future and past are mere abstractions？
● Do you wear a watch， balance your checkbook， and make todo lists every day？
These statements are the five most common ways people relate to time. The time Paradox is a practical plan for optimizing your use of time in order that you can get the most out of every minute in your personal and professional life. If you make the best use of the book， you will be able to overcome the mental prejudices that keep you too attached to the past， too focused on immediate satisfaction， or unhealthy concerned about future goals. Time passes no matter what you do. Its up to you to spend it wisely and enjoy it well. There are related discussions in the middle part of the book， which provide valuable suggestions about how to manage your time in a wise way. 36. Why does the author raise the five questions in the passage？
A. To explain how people use their time.
B. To provide some bases for self testing.
C. To show how to make the best of our time.
D. To support Drs Zimbardo and Boyds new finding.
37. What is most probably to be talked about in the paragraph that follows？
A. Answers to the abovementioned questions.
B. The shortcomings of the book The time Paradox.
C. How peoples time zones interact with each other.
D. Ways of spending time wisely mentioned in the book.
B
Every immigrant leads a double life. Every immigrant has a double identity and a double vision， being suspended between an old and a new home， an old and new self. The very notion of a new home， of course， is in a sense as impossible as the notion of new parents. Parents are who they are； home is what it is.
Yet home， like parentage， must be legitimized （合理） through love； otherwise， it is only a fact of geography or biology. Most immigrants to America found their love of their old homes betrayed： they did not really abandon their countries； their countries abandoned them. In America， they found the possibility of a new love， the chance to nurture new selves.
Not uniformly， not without exceptions. Every generation has its KnowNothing movement. Its understandable fear and hatred of alien invasion is as true today as it always was， but in spite of all this， the American attitude remains unique. Throughout history， exile has been a disaster； America turned it into a triumph and placed its immigrants in the center of a national epic.
The epic is possible because America is an idea as much as it is a country. America has nothing to do with loyalty to a dynasty and very little to do with loyalty to particular place， but everything to do with loyalty to a set of principles. To immigrants， those principles are especially real because so often they were absent or violated in their native lands. It was no accident in the 60 and 70s， when alienation was in flower， that it often seemed to be “native” Americans who felt alienated， while aliens or the children of aliens upheld the native values. The immigrants double vision results in a special， somewhat skewed perspective on America that can mislead but that can also find revelation in the things that to native Americans are obvious. Psychiatrist Robert Coles speaks of those “who straddle worlds and make of that very experience a new world.” “Home is where you are happy.” Sentimental， perhaps， and certainly not conventionally patriotic， but is appropriate for a country that wrote the pursuit of happiness into its founding document. That continues for the immigrant in America， and it never stops， but it comes to rest at a certain moment. The moment is hard to pin down， but it occurs perhaps when the immigrants double life and double vision joint together toward a single state of mind. When the old life， the old home fade into a certain unreality： places one merely visits， in fact or in the mind， practicing the tourism of memory. It occurs when the immigrant learns his ultimate lesson： above all countries， America， if loved， returns love.
38. How can we understand the underlined sentence in Para1？
A. Home is irreplaceable just like parents.
B. Parents have nothing to do with home.
C. New home can somewhat represent parents.
D. Parents and home are essentially different.
39. Whats the result of Americans unique attitude toward immigrants？
A. Immigrants have played an important role in Americas history.
B. Immigrants have endured more sufferings than those in other countries.
C. Immigrants have been a disaster to Americas development.
D. Immigrants have posed fear and hatred on America.
40. What does the underlined word “That” in Para5 refer to？
A. Traditional patriotism.
B. Immigrants double life and vision.
C. Returned love from America.
D. The pursuit of happiness.
41. What can be the best title of the passage？
A. Love America， Love Yourself.
B. Experience a New World.
C. Home Is Where You Are Happy.
D. Be a Real American Immigrant.
C
Never Talk to Strangers？
“Never talk to strangers.” Many children are taught this simple rule as a precaution against abduction （诱拐）. In June， 2005， an 11yearold boy was lost in the Utah wilderness for four days. During that time， he stayed on the path. He saw people searching for him but deliberately hid from them， afraid someone might “steal” him. Eventually， the unfortunate game of hideandseek ended and he was found. According to the Canada Safety Council， this alarming incident shows how unwise it is to instill （灌輸） a fear of strangers in children. The “stranger danger” message can prevent children from developing the social skills and judgment needed to deal effectively with reallife situations. In a difficult situation， a stranger could be their lifeline to safety. A. It is not well recognized by parents.
B. It is not effective in keeping kids safe.
C. It is easy enough for children to follow.
D. It is practical as a safety tip in daily life.
D
One hundred years ago， “Colored” was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later， it was purposefully dropped to make way for “Negro.” By the late 1960s，that term was overtaken by “Black.” And then， at a press conference in Chicago in 1988， Jesse Jackson declared that “African American” was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups， such as “Italian Americans” and “Irish Americans，” that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.
A centurys worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term “Black” carried connotations （涵義） that were more negative than those of “African American.”
But if it was known that “Black” people were viewed differently from “African Americans” researchers， until now， hadnt identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study， conducted by Emory Universitys Erika Hall， found that “Black” people are viewed more negatively than “African Americans” because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result， “Black” people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.
The studys most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a resume， it appears， can tap into recruiters biases. A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the “Wisconsin Association of AfricanAmerican Lawyers” or the “National Black Employees Association，” the names of which apparently have consequences， and are also beyond their members control.
In one of the studys experiments， subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group， he was identified as “AfricanAmerican，” and another was told he was “Black.” With little else to go on， they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams salary， professional standing， and educational background.
The “AfricanAmerican” group estimated that he earned about $37，000 a year and had a twoyear college degree. The “Black” group， on the other hand， put his salary at about $29，000， and guessed that he had only “some” college experience. Nearly threequarters of the first group guessed that Mr.Williams worked at a managerial level， while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so. Halls findings suggest theres an argument to be made for electing to use “African American，” though one cant help but get the sense that its a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed， one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Boiss original， idealistic hope， “Its not the name—its the Thing that counts.”
46. Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term “African American” for people of African descent？
A. It is free from racial biases.
B. It represents social progress.
C. It is in the interest of common Americans.
D. It follows the standard naming practice.
47. What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group？
A. It advances with the times.
B. It is based on racial roots.
C. It merits intensive study.
D. It is politically sensitive.
48. What do Erika Halls findings indicate？
A. Racial biases are widespread in the professional world.
B. Many applicants dont attend to details on their resumes.
C. Job seekers should all be careful—about their affiliations.
D. Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases.
49. What does Erika Hall find in her experiment about a man with the last name Williams？
A. African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups.
B. Black peoples socioeconomic status in America remains low.
C. Peoples conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled.
D. Ones professional standing and income are related to their educational background.
50. What is Dr. Du Boiss ideal？
A. All Americans enjoy equal rights.
B. A person is judged by their worth.
C. A new term is created to address African Americans.
D. All ethnic groups share the nations continued progress.
四、任務型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The benefits of being an independent business are truly great. Beyond the rewarding nature of owning something truly unique， small businesses have the edge over their big business counterparts in many areas. Consider the importance of being independent and how that independence can help drive your business.
To some， having fewer customers simply means less cash flow； however， having a smaller base also allows you to focus more on customer satisfaction.
Companies are always searching for ways to improve customer service and have more of their business. Whether through paying special attention to who comes through your door or monitoring your customers through the social network， its less of trouble to make sure your customers needs are being met when theres a smaller sample to deal with. In addition， it becomes much easier to create a personal connection with buyers when you have enough time and attention to show them some love. Small businesses have an inherent （内在的） advantage over their big box competitors in the sense that they can offer something different. People want to see the independent businesses that offer unique products and flavor to their communities. Your business can be the difference when it comes to what customers want.
Of course， big box companies will almost always beat you down when it comes to price. Consider， however， that if you can offer a truly unique product or experience， price becomes much less of an issue.
People like the idea of supporting local independent businesses versus “the big guys”. So， what businesses are becoming due to the rise of independence？
Craft Beer （精釀啤酒）—The craft beer movement in the United States is supported so widely that big breweries （啤酒厂） have taken to creating their own competing “craft beer” brands in an attempt to follow the trend. While Anheuser Busch represents nearly half of Americas breweries， craft beer has seen a huge jump in sales in recent years.
Video Games—Whether through PCs， traditional consoles （操作台） or mobile games， independent developers are supported by enthusiastic fans and microtransactions （微交易） in an industry that was formerly dominated by bigger developers.
Musicians—The modern web offers immense opportunities to musicians， resulting in more economic and artistic freedom. A surprising number of mainstream artists have seen great success from their independent releases， such as Macklemores The Heist， which has sold over one million copies in the United States alone.
Some small businesses dont want to be small businesses forever. Regardless， consider what independence does for you and your company. If you offer something out of the ordinary， you can build an audience that respects your individuality and supports your cause.
The necessity of being an independent business
A focus on customer （51）
A small sample of customers makes it easy to （52） to customers needs.
With enough time and attention to show customers some love， an independent business person finds it easier to connect with them （53）
An offer of something completely different
Small businesses can offer something （54） the ordinary to their communities.
Being different can （55） a large number of active consumer groups.
A really unique product or experience can make customers take （56） less seriously
An appeal to an independent business In the USA， craft beer is very popular with people， having （57） well in recent years.
Independent game developers gain the support of crazy fans in an industry that （58） to be in the control of bigger developers.
A surprising number of mainstream artists （59） great success to their independent releases.
A chance to （60） for some small business
For some small businesses， independence can attract a group of people that respect their individuality and support their development.
五、書面表达（满分25分）
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
“He who bears the greatest hardship becomes the greatest man.” This idiom shows Chinese peoples traditional belief in the vital role that hardship plays in a persons life as they grow up. But today， as our lives have greatly improved， do we still need this socalled “hardship education”？
“We definitely do，” said Wang Weiqiong， mother of a 15yearold girl in Jiangxi. “Many children take everything for granted， as theyve never known how difficult it is to make money.”
Wang is not alone. According to a recent survey of 2，017 people done by China Youth Daily， 81.8 percent of the interviewees supported hardship education including experiencing life in poor areas， outdoor training， taking parttime jobs， and doing housework.
Qiao Yu， from Tianjin Foreign Languages School， also supports the idea. “Hardship helps us grow and be prepared for the difficulties of society，” said the 18yearold， who worked in a cake store this summer.
But while it contributes to students development， “hardship education shouldnt be seen as simply making students suffer，” Sun Yunxiao， deputy director of the China Youth and Children Research Center told China Youth Daily. “It should follow teenagers growth.” Sun said that students could also do sports to learn to face difficulties， for doing sports can greatly strengthen their bodies and minds.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120个词发表你对“吃苦教育”的看法，内容包括：
（1） 你对“吃苦教育”概念的理解；
（2） 支持或反对对青少年进行“吃苦教育”，并给出2～3点理由。
【写作要求】
1. 可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
参考答案
一、1—5 BDBBB6—10 CDBDA11—15 DDACA
二、 16—20 ABCBA21—25 CDDAD
26—30 BDABD31—35 CDCAB
三、36—37 BD38—41 AADC42—45 CDBB
46—50 ADACD
四、51. satisfaction52. cater53. personally
54. beyond55. attract / mean56. price 57. sold58. used59. owe60. develop
五、One possible version：
The Chinese have a traditional belief that hardships contribute to ones growth. A recent survey shows that many parents and students support it， but some experts are opposed to it. （30 words）
As is known， hardship education refers to all kinds of activities including community services， social practice， volunteer work and various sports， which allow teenagers to experience the difficulties of life and society， thus contributing to their growth.
In my eyes， with the fast development of our living standards， hardship education has become a must for the contemporary youth. For one thing， via hardship education， teenagers can enhance their overall quality such as courage and perseverance， and get better prepared for the future. For another thing， by participating in various activities， teenagers can build up their strength and develop surviving skills besides written knowledge.
To sum up， society， school and families should attach great importance to hardship education for all students.
（作者：唐春，江蘇教育学院附属高级中学）
11，14，17，25，39，40，42，43，44，47，49，51，53，54，56，57，58，59，60，62，64，66，68，69，70，71-77，79，80，81，83，86，89，102，104，118
1. When a good deed turns out to be part of a dishonest and untrue ， it really hurts people and can make them indifferent to others sufferings.
A. compromiseB. scheme
C. promotionD. discount
2. We teach students to think about the texts they are reading.
A. significantlyB. considerably
C. drasticallyD. critically
3. Just as first impressions are hard to change， the incorrect information gets stuck in our memory， even if we later read .
A. insteadB. otherwise
C. regardlessD. rather
4. people in western countries are busy preparing Christmas gifts for their loved ones， Chinese people are looking forward to Spring Festival， Chinas most important annual event.
A. AlthoughB. While
C. DespiteD. For
5. Slim and beautiful， his mother was the centre of the home， the glue that it together.
A. supportedB. held
C. advocateD. regulate
6. Next door to ours ， who used to be the headmaster in our school.
A. does an old man liveB. an old man lives
C. lives an old manD. is an old man live
7. The manager wants to see changes in the company， and I am sure he will .
A. in particularB. in turn
C. in chargeD. in time
8. Whether steam or gas turbines （渦轮） are used in Chinas first domestically manufactured aircraft carrier will the nations development of highefficiency gas turbines.
A. decide onB. depend on
C. reflect onD. base on
9. Data released this month showed Chinas manufacturing purchasing managers index， which reflects the manufacturing sectors activities， for six consecutive months as of January.
A. having expandingB. expanding
C. have expandedD. had expanded
10. More than party affiliation （加盟）， I vote based on I believe is right for my family and my country.
A. whatB. that
C. whichD. where
11. My father taught us that there is nothing we cannot accomplish， if we vision and passion with an enduring work ethic.
A. interpretB. involve
C. engageD. marry
12. Its probably hard to imagine a 17yearold high school girl saying something that she has this philosophy， but the chance to read her work like I did， you wouldnt make a fuss.
A. had youB. were you have
C. would you haveD. should you have
13. Diplomatic communication is ongoing between Beijing and Tokyo at avoiding a major conflict the islands， said Shen Shishun， an expert on AsiaPacific studies at Haikou College of Economics. A. aimed； regardingB. aiming； considering
C. meant； concerningD. aiming； given
14. The newlyelected leaders took office this year， great changes have been witnessed in the socalled “Hunting Tigers” against corrupt officials.
A. whenB. during which
C. since whenD. since then
15. —Challenging as the task is， Id like to undertake it.
—. After all， its a chance for you to promote your ability.
A. Good for youB. Take it easy
C. You betD. You must be kidding
二、完形填空（共20小題；每小题1分，满分20分）
The journey of water as it flows upon the earth can be a mirror of our own paths through life. Water begins its 16 on earth as it falls from the sky or comes from ice and streams down a mountain into a river or sea. In a 17 way， we come into the world and begin our lives on earth. Like a river that flows 18 the boundaries of its banks， we are born with certain 19 that decide our identity. We are born in a specific time and place， in a specific family， and with certain gifts and disabilities. With these 20， we move through life， 21 many twists， turns， and barriers along the way 22 a river does.
Water is a great teacher that 23 us how to move through the world with grace， bravery， determination， and 24. When a river 25 at a waterfall， it gains energy and moves on. Water inspires us not to become 26 with fear or stick to whats familiar. Water is brave and does not 27 time sticking to its past， but flows onward without looking back. At the same time， when there is a 28 to be filled， water does not run away from it in fear of the dark； 29， water modestly and bravely fills the empty space. In the same way， we can face the 30 moments of our life rather than run away from them.
31， a river will empty into the sea. Water does not hold back from 32 up with a larger body， nor does it fear a loss of 33 or control. It gracefully and modestly falls into the vastness by contributing its energy without 34. Each time we move beyond our personal characters to become part of something bigger， we can try our best to 35 the lead of the river.
16. A. travelB. schedule
C. fateD. change
17. A. consistentB. similar
C. separateD. comparative
18. A. beyondB. over
C. withinD. across
19. A. assumptionB. characteristics
C. expressionsD. similarities
20. A. restrictionsB. preferences
C. opportunitiesD. dimension
21. A. living withB. competing with C. meeting withD. playing with
22. A. thatB. what
C. whereD. as
23. A. comfortsB. persuades
C. deliversD. shows
24. A. modestyB. happiness
C. honestyD. distinction
25. A. springsB. spins
C. sinksD. breaks
26. A. crazyB. hesitant
C. changeableD. fragile
27. A. manageB. save
C. accumulateD. waste
28. A. holeB. cave
C. shadowD. platform
29. A. thereforeB. instead
C. otherwiseD. besides
30. A. excitingB. quiet
C. enjoyableD. dark
31. A. RegularlyB. Absolutely
C. EventuallyD. Actually
32. A. puttingB. coming
C. catchingD. joining
33. A. lifeB. confidence
C. libertyD. root
34. A. hesitationB. permission
C. responsibilityD. freedom
35. A. takeB. follow
C. loseD. hold
三、閱读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
A
Your every significant choice—every important decision you make—is determined by a force operating deep inside your mind： your perspective on time—your personal time zone. This is the most influential force in your life， yet you are almost unaware of it. Once you become aware of your personal time zone， you can begin to see and manage your life in new exciting ways.
In The Time Paradox， Drs Zimbardo and Boyd cite thirty years of pioneering research to show， for the first time， how your individual time zone shapes your life and is shaped by the world around you. Further， they prove that your and every other individuals time zones interact to create national cultures， economy， and personal destinies.
You will discover what time zone you live in through Drs Zimbardo and Boyds revolutionary tests.
Ask yourself：
● Do you believe that nothing will ever change in your world？
● Does the smell of freshbaked cookies bring you back to your childhood？
● Do you believe that life on earth is merely preparation for life after death？
● Do you believe that the present is all and the future and past are mere abstractions？
● Do you wear a watch， balance your checkbook， and make todo lists every day？
These statements are the five most common ways people relate to time. The time Paradox is a practical plan for optimizing your use of time in order that you can get the most out of every minute in your personal and professional life. If you make the best use of the book， you will be able to overcome the mental prejudices that keep you too attached to the past， too focused on immediate satisfaction， or unhealthy concerned about future goals. Time passes no matter what you do. Its up to you to spend it wisely and enjoy it well. There are related discussions in the middle part of the book， which provide valuable suggestions about how to manage your time in a wise way. 36. Why does the author raise the five questions in the passage？
A. To explain how people use their time.
B. To provide some bases for self testing.
C. To show how to make the best of our time.
D. To support Drs Zimbardo and Boyds new finding.
37. What is most probably to be talked about in the paragraph that follows？
A. Answers to the abovementioned questions.
B. The shortcomings of the book The time Paradox.
C. How peoples time zones interact with each other.
D. Ways of spending time wisely mentioned in the book.
B
Every immigrant leads a double life. Every immigrant has a double identity and a double vision， being suspended between an old and a new home， an old and new self. The very notion of a new home， of course， is in a sense as impossible as the notion of new parents. Parents are who they are； home is what it is.
Yet home， like parentage， must be legitimized （合理） through love； otherwise， it is only a fact of geography or biology. Most immigrants to America found their love of their old homes betrayed： they did not really abandon their countries； their countries abandoned them. In America， they found the possibility of a new love， the chance to nurture new selves.
Not uniformly， not without exceptions. Every generation has its KnowNothing movement. Its understandable fear and hatred of alien invasion is as true today as it always was， but in spite of all this， the American attitude remains unique. Throughout history， exile has been a disaster； America turned it into a triumph and placed its immigrants in the center of a national epic.
The epic is possible because America is an idea as much as it is a country. America has nothing to do with loyalty to a dynasty and very little to do with loyalty to particular place， but everything to do with loyalty to a set of principles. To immigrants， those principles are especially real because so often they were absent or violated in their native lands. It was no accident in the 60 and 70s， when alienation was in flower， that it often seemed to be “native” Americans who felt alienated， while aliens or the children of aliens upheld the native values. The immigrants double vision results in a special， somewhat skewed perspective on America that can mislead but that can also find revelation in the things that to native Americans are obvious. Psychiatrist Robert Coles speaks of those “who straddle worlds and make of that very experience a new world.” “Home is where you are happy.” Sentimental， perhaps， and certainly not conventionally patriotic， but is appropriate for a country that wrote the pursuit of happiness into its founding document. That continues for the immigrant in America， and it never stops， but it comes to rest at a certain moment. The moment is hard to pin down， but it occurs perhaps when the immigrants double life and double vision joint together toward a single state of mind. When the old life， the old home fade into a certain unreality： places one merely visits， in fact or in the mind， practicing the tourism of memory. It occurs when the immigrant learns his ultimate lesson： above all countries， America， if loved， returns love.
38. How can we understand the underlined sentence in Para1？
A. Home is irreplaceable just like parents.
B. Parents have nothing to do with home.
C. New home can somewhat represent parents.
D. Parents and home are essentially different.
39. Whats the result of Americans unique attitude toward immigrants？
A. Immigrants have played an important role in Americas history.
B. Immigrants have endured more sufferings than those in other countries.
C. Immigrants have been a disaster to Americas development.
D. Immigrants have posed fear and hatred on America.
40. What does the underlined word “That” in Para5 refer to？
A. Traditional patriotism.
B. Immigrants double life and vision.
C. Returned love from America.
D. The pursuit of happiness.
41. What can be the best title of the passage？
A. Love America， Love Yourself.
B. Experience a New World.
C. Home Is Where You Are Happy.
D. Be a Real American Immigrant.
C
Never Talk to Strangers？
“Never talk to strangers.” Many children are taught this simple rule as a precaution against abduction （诱拐）. In June， 2005， an 11yearold boy was lost in the Utah wilderness for four days. During that time， he stayed on the path. He saw people searching for him but deliberately hid from them， afraid someone might “steal” him. Eventually， the unfortunate game of hideandseek ended and he was found. According to the Canada Safety Council， this alarming incident shows how unwise it is to instill （灌輸） a fear of strangers in children. The “stranger danger” message can prevent children from developing the social skills and judgment needed to deal effectively with reallife situations. In a difficult situation， a stranger could be their lifeline to safety. A. It is not well recognized by parents.
B. It is not effective in keeping kids safe.
C. It is easy enough for children to follow.
D. It is practical as a safety tip in daily life.
D
One hundred years ago， “Colored” was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later， it was purposefully dropped to make way for “Negro.” By the late 1960s，that term was overtaken by “Black.” And then， at a press conference in Chicago in 1988， Jesse Jackson declared that “African American” was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups， such as “Italian Americans” and “Irish Americans，” that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.
A centurys worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term “Black” carried connotations （涵義） that were more negative than those of “African American.”
But if it was known that “Black” people were viewed differently from “African Americans” researchers， until now， hadnt identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study， conducted by Emory Universitys Erika Hall， found that “Black” people are viewed more negatively than “African Americans” because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result， “Black” people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.
The studys most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a resume， it appears， can tap into recruiters biases. A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the “Wisconsin Association of AfricanAmerican Lawyers” or the “National Black Employees Association，” the names of which apparently have consequences， and are also beyond their members control.
In one of the studys experiments， subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group， he was identified as “AfricanAmerican，” and another was told he was “Black.” With little else to go on， they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams salary， professional standing， and educational background.
The “AfricanAmerican” group estimated that he earned about $37，000 a year and had a twoyear college degree. The “Black” group， on the other hand， put his salary at about $29，000， and guessed that he had only “some” college experience. Nearly threequarters of the first group guessed that Mr.Williams worked at a managerial level， while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so. Halls findings suggest theres an argument to be made for electing to use “African American，” though one cant help but get the sense that its a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed， one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Boiss original， idealistic hope， “Its not the name—its the Thing that counts.”
46. Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term “African American” for people of African descent？
A. It is free from racial biases.
B. It represents social progress.
C. It is in the interest of common Americans.
D. It follows the standard naming practice.
47. What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group？
A. It advances with the times.
B. It is based on racial roots.
C. It merits intensive study.
D. It is politically sensitive.
48. What do Erika Halls findings indicate？
A. Racial biases are widespread in the professional world.
B. Many applicants dont attend to details on their resumes.
C. Job seekers should all be careful—about their affiliations.
D. Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases.
49. What does Erika Hall find in her experiment about a man with the last name Williams？
A. African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups.
B. Black peoples socioeconomic status in America remains low.
C. Peoples conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled.
D. Ones professional standing and income are related to their educational background.
50. What is Dr. Du Boiss ideal？
A. All Americans enjoy equal rights.
B. A person is judged by their worth.
C. A new term is created to address African Americans.
D. All ethnic groups share the nations continued progress.
四、任務型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The benefits of being an independent business are truly great. Beyond the rewarding nature of owning something truly unique， small businesses have the edge over their big business counterparts in many areas. Consider the importance of being independent and how that independence can help drive your business.
To some， having fewer customers simply means less cash flow； however， having a smaller base also allows you to focus more on customer satisfaction.
Companies are always searching for ways to improve customer service and have more of their business. Whether through paying special attention to who comes through your door or monitoring your customers through the social network， its less of trouble to make sure your customers needs are being met when theres a smaller sample to deal with. In addition， it becomes much easier to create a personal connection with buyers when you have enough time and attention to show them some love. Small businesses have an inherent （内在的） advantage over their big box competitors in the sense that they can offer something different. People want to see the independent businesses that offer unique products and flavor to their communities. Your business can be the difference when it comes to what customers want.
Of course， big box companies will almost always beat you down when it comes to price. Consider， however， that if you can offer a truly unique product or experience， price becomes much less of an issue.
People like the idea of supporting local independent businesses versus “the big guys”. So， what businesses are becoming due to the rise of independence？
Craft Beer （精釀啤酒）—The craft beer movement in the United States is supported so widely that big breweries （啤酒厂） have taken to creating their own competing “craft beer” brands in an attempt to follow the trend. While Anheuser Busch represents nearly half of Americas breweries， craft beer has seen a huge jump in sales in recent years.
Video Games—Whether through PCs， traditional consoles （操作台） or mobile games， independent developers are supported by enthusiastic fans and microtransactions （微交易） in an industry that was formerly dominated by bigger developers.
Musicians—The modern web offers immense opportunities to musicians， resulting in more economic and artistic freedom. A surprising number of mainstream artists have seen great success from their independent releases， such as Macklemores The Heist， which has sold over one million copies in the United States alone.
Some small businesses dont want to be small businesses forever. Regardless， consider what independence does for you and your company. If you offer something out of the ordinary， you can build an audience that respects your individuality and supports your cause.
The necessity of being an independent business
A focus on customer （51）
A small sample of customers makes it easy to （52） to customers needs.
With enough time and attention to show customers some love， an independent business person finds it easier to connect with them （53）
An offer of something completely different
Small businesses can offer something （54） the ordinary to their communities.
Being different can （55） a large number of active consumer groups.
A really unique product or experience can make customers take （56） less seriously
An appeal to an independent business In the USA， craft beer is very popular with people， having （57） well in recent years.
Independent game developers gain the support of crazy fans in an industry that （58） to be in the control of bigger developers.
A surprising number of mainstream artists （59） great success to their independent releases.
A chance to （60） for some small business
For some small businesses， independence can attract a group of people that respect their individuality and support their development.
五、書面表达（满分25分）
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
“He who bears the greatest hardship becomes the greatest man.” This idiom shows Chinese peoples traditional belief in the vital role that hardship plays in a persons life as they grow up. But today， as our lives have greatly improved， do we still need this socalled “hardship education”？
“We definitely do，” said Wang Weiqiong， mother of a 15yearold girl in Jiangxi. “Many children take everything for granted， as theyve never known how difficult it is to make money.”
Wang is not alone. According to a recent survey of 2，017 people done by China Youth Daily， 81.8 percent of the interviewees supported hardship education including experiencing life in poor areas， outdoor training， taking parttime jobs， and doing housework.
Qiao Yu， from Tianjin Foreign Languages School， also supports the idea. “Hardship helps us grow and be prepared for the difficulties of society，” said the 18yearold， who worked in a cake store this summer.
But while it contributes to students development， “hardship education shouldnt be seen as simply making students suffer，” Sun Yunxiao， deputy director of the China Youth and Children Research Center told China Youth Daily. “It should follow teenagers growth.” Sun said that students could also do sports to learn to face difficulties， for doing sports can greatly strengthen their bodies and minds.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120个词发表你对“吃苦教育”的看法，内容包括：
（1） 你对“吃苦教育”概念的理解；
（2） 支持或反对对青少年进行“吃苦教育”，并给出2～3点理由。
【写作要求】
1. 可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
参考答案
一、1—5 BDBBB6—10 CDBDA11—15 DDACA
二、 16—20 ABCBA21—25 CDDAD
26—30 BDABD31—35 CDCAB
三、36—37 BD38—41 AADC42—45 CDBB
46—50 ADACD
四、51. satisfaction52. cater53. personally
54. beyond55. attract / mean56. price 57. sold58. used59. owe60. develop
五、One possible version：
The Chinese have a traditional belief that hardships contribute to ones growth. A recent survey shows that many parents and students support it， but some experts are opposed to it. （30 words）
As is known， hardship education refers to all kinds of activities including community services， social practice， volunteer work and various sports， which allow teenagers to experience the difficulties of life and society， thus contributing to their growth.
In my eyes， with the fast development of our living standards， hardship education has become a must for the contemporary youth. For one thing， via hardship education， teenagers can enhance their overall quality such as courage and perseverance， and get better prepared for the future. For another thing， by participating in various activities， teenagers can build up their strength and develop surviving skills besides written knowledge.
To sum up， society， school and families should attach great importance to hardship education for all students.
（作者：唐春，江蘇教育学院附属高级中学）
11，14，17，25，39，40，42，43，44，47，49，51，53，54，56，57，58，59，60，62，64，66，68，69，70，71-77，79，80，81，83，86，89，102，104，118