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犯罪原因是犯罪学的主要研究对象,犯罪原因论是犯罪学的最主要的组成部分,各学派的刑罚观的不同归根结底是由于其犯罪原因论的不同,犯罪原因论体现了一个学派的世界观和方法论。其刑罚观与其犯罪原因论是否自成体系,是检验一个学派或学者能否自立于学术之材的重要标准。可以说有什么样的犯罪原因论就有什么样的犯罪观和刑罚观。作为新派刑法理论的代表人物,德国著名刑法学家,形式社会学派创始人弗兰茨·冯·李斯特认为要想对犯罪进行有效的斗争,首先要认识犯罪的原因。是故,其刑法理论中,对于犯罪原因的探析占有十分重要的位置。本文将对其刑法理论基础的犯罪原因二元论进行评述,希望以其犯罪原因二元论为切入点来了解李斯特博大精深的刑法理论世界。
The cause of crime is the main research object of criminology. The theory of criminality is the most important part of criminology. The difference between the concepts of punishment in each school is attributed in part to the different theories of criminality. The theory of criminality reflects a school of world outlook and Methodology. Whether its concept of punishment and its theory of crime is a self-contained system is an important criterion to test whether a school or scholar can be independent of academic material. It can be said that there is what kind of criminal theory of what kind of view of crime and punishment. As a representative of the new theory of criminal law, Franz von Liszt, a famous German criminal law scientist and founder of the formal school of social science, believes that to effectively fight crime, we must first understand the causes of crime. Therefore, in its criminal law theory, the analysis of the causes of crime occupies a very important position. This article will comment on the dualism theory of criminal law based on its theory of criminal law, and hopes to understand Liszt’s profound world of criminal law theory from the dualism of criminal reasons.