目的　了解复发肺结核的耐药状况及有关因素 ,评价复发肺结核的化疗效果。方法　分析北京市 1988～ 1997年培养阳性 ,有药物敏感试验结果的 44 8例复发肺结核病例的耐药状况和既往化疗史。所有新登记复发病例在全程监督下采用 2RHZS(E) / 4RHE或 2RHZS(E) / 6RH方案 ,并进行逐年转归的队列分析。结果　 44 8例复发病例中耐 1种或以上抗结核药物者 15 3例 (34 2 % ) ,耐H2 0 9%、S 17 6 %、R 11 1%、P 7 8%和E 2 9% ,同时耐RH 6 2 % ,始治规律化疗和不规律化疗患者的耐药率分别为 2 2 3%和 5 5 8% ,耐R率分别为 6 3%和 2 0 8%。复发病例一年转归治愈率为 80 5 %～ 89 6 %。结论　北京市复发肺结核患者耐药率为 34 2 % ,耐药的发生与始治时是否规律用药有关 ,显示耐H和S者最多 ,在复发病例的治疗中应予考虑 Objective To understand the drug resistance and related factors of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis and to evaluate the chemotherapy effect of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The drug resistance and history of 448 recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Beijing from 1988 to 1997 with positive culture and drug-sensitive test results were analyzed. All newly enrolled patients undergoing full surveillance underwent 2RHZS (E) / 4RHE or 2RHZS (E) / 6RH regimens and performed a cohort-based cohort analysis. Results A total of 443 patients (34 2%) with resistance to one or more anti-tuberculosis drugs in 44 8 relapse cases were resistant to 0 9% H2, 17%, 17%, 17% and 17% , While resistance to RH 6 2%, initial treatment of regular chemotherapy and irregular chemotherapy patients were 22.3% and 55.8%, resistance R rates were 63% and 28%. The recurrence of patients a year cure rate was 80 5% ~ 89 6%. Conclusions The resistance rate of patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis in Beijing is 34.2%. The occurrence of drug resistance is related to the regular use of drugs at the time of initial treatment, which shows that the patients with H and S resistance are the most tolerant and should be considered in the treatment of recurrent cases