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尽管硅还没有被列为植物生长的必需营养元素,但它在水稻生长发育、产量与品质形成、矿质营养吸收以及逆境生理等方面都具有重要的作用。硅不仅是水稻细胞结构成分和组成物质,还参与调节水稻各种生理生化代谢过程,促进光合作用,改善冠层结构,增强抗倒伏能力,提高群体质量,促进产量、品质和肥料吸收利用效率的协同提高。硅通过物理途径或生理生化途径增强水稻对重金属、盐渍、干旱、紫外线、高温等非生物胁迫以及病虫生物胁迫的抵抗力。还展望了水稻中硅研究的未来发展。
Although silicon has not been classified as an essential nutrient for plant growth, it plays an important role in rice growth and development, yield and quality formation, mineral nutrient absorption and stress physiology. Silicon is not only a component of rice cell structure and composition of the material, but also involved in regulating various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes in rice to promote photosynthesis, improve canopy structure, enhance lodging resistance, improve population quality, and promote the efficiency of yield, quality and fertilizer absorption and utilization Improve together. Silicon can enhance the resistance of rice to abiotic stresses such as heavy metals, salinities, arid, ultraviolet, high temperature and the biotic stress of pests and diseases through physical pathway or physiological and biochemical pathway. The future development of silicon in rice is also looked forward.