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目的分析广州市荔湾区2012―2015年登革热的流行特征,为今后有效防控登革热疫情提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的传染病报告信息管理系统收集广州市荔湾区2012―2015年登革热疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012―2015年荔湾区共报告登革热病例5 307例,其中本地感染病例5 293例,输入性病例14例,年均发病率为145.12/10万,其中2014年发病率最高,为487.82/10万。本地感染病例流行特征:发病时间主要集中在8―11月,共报告5 271例,占病例总数的99.58%;发病数居前5位的街镇依次为南源街、冲口街、石围塘街、站前街、金花街,该5个街镇的病例数占全区总病例数的37.9%(2 006/5 293);男性2 559例,女性2 734例,男女性别比为0.93∶1;病例年龄主要集中在20~59岁年龄组,共报告3 657例,占69.09%;病例职业以家务及待业居多(1 121例,占21.18%),其次为离退休人员(1 077例,占20.35%)。结论 2012—2015年广州市荔湾区登革热流行具有以本地病例为主、散发与多点暴发并存以及季节性和周期性流行等特点,采取以控制蚊媒密度为重点的防控措施、加大多部门联防联控机制的执行力度是控制登革热流行的有效手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2012 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of dengue fever in the future. Methods The information of dengue fever epidemics in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2012 to 2015 was collected through the information system of infectious disease reporting in China’s disease prevention and control information system and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation. Results A total of 5 307 cases of dengue fever were reported in Liwan District from 2012 to 2015, of which 5 293 were locally infected and 14 were imported. The average annual incidence was 145.12 / 100 000, of which the highest incidence in 2014 was 487.82 / 10 Million Epidemic characteristics of local cases of infection: the onset time is mainly concentrated in the 8-11 months, a total of 5 271 cases were reported, accounting for 99.58% of the total number of cases; the top 5 incidence of street town followed by Nam Yuen Street, Tong Street, Zhanqian Street and Jinhua Street. The total number of cases in these five towns accounted for 37.9% (2 006/5 293) of the total number of cases in the district. There were 2 559 males and 2 734 females, with a sex ratio of 0.93 : 1; The age of the patients mainly concentrated in the age group of 20-59 years. A total of 3 657 cases were reported, accounting for 69.09%. The majority of cases were domestic workers and unemployed (121 cases, accounting for 21.18%), followed by retirees Cases, accounting for 20.35%). Conclusion From 2012 to 2015, the prevalence of dengue fever in Liwan District of Guangzhou City was mainly local. The coexistence of exudes and multiple outbreaks and the seasonal and cyclical epidemics led to the prevention and control measures focusing on mosquito density. The implementation of the joint prevention and control mechanism is an effective means of controlling the epidemic of dengue.