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小流域不仅构成了水土流失的侵蚀单元,而且在形态体系上也形成了一条完整的地貌组合单元。以小流域侵蚀垂直分布规律为依据,因地制宜、因害设防的布置生物措施,并与工程措施相结合,建立小流域的水土保持林体系,可以起到快速缘化小流域,防治水土流失的效果,并可促进农林牧业生产。小石沟等小流域试验表明,水土保持林体系拦蓄径流量38％,拦蓄泥沙56％以上;经济收入增加2～7倍。本文就陕北丘陵沟壑区水土保持防护林体系建设问题,作一初步探讨。
Small watershed not only forms the erosion unit of soil and water loss, but also forms a complete landform combination unit in the morphological system. Based on the vertical distribution of erosion in small watershed, biological and ecological measures for local conditions and fortification are combined with engineering measures to establish soil and water conservation forest system in small watershed, which can play a role of quickly marginalizing small watershed and preventing soil erosion. , And can promote the production of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry. Experiments in small watersheds such as Xiaoshigou show that the water and soil conservation forest system intercepts 38% of the runoff and blocks more than 56% of the sediment; the economic income increases by 2 to 7 times. In this paper, a preliminary discussion is made on the construction of soil and water conservation shelter forest system in the hilly and gully regions of northern Shaanxi.