40年前,《启蒙运动的辩证法》一书作者便曾经设想过“从摆脱偏见的文明到野蛮的回归”这种前景,从那时以来(阿多尔诺和霍克海默尔,1979年,第xvi-xvii页),认为这种前景不仅仅是一种可能性的学者的人数增加了,甚至在左翼人士中也是如此,而左翼人士通常对进步是不那么怀疑的。各种社会关系解体,日常生活野蛮化,依靠暴力解决利益冲突的倾向日益加剧,凡此等等都使业已 Forty years ago, the author of “The Dialectics of the Enlightenment” had envisioned the prospect of a “return from a civilized prejudice to a savage return”, since then (Adorno and Horkheimer, 1979 Year, p. Xvi-xvii), the number of scholars who consider this prospect not just a possibility increased, even among leftists, who are generally less skeptical of progress. The disintegration of various social relations, the savage daily life and the increasing tendency to rely on violence to resolve conflicts of interest have all contributed to the