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利用20个表型性状和40个SSR标记,对我国东北18份水稻选育品种和13份日本引进品种的遗传多样性,共检测到82个表型变异和108个SSR等位基因,其中中国东北水稻品种表型变异数和SSR等位基因数分别为72和103个(平均2.54个),日本引进品种表型变异数和等位基因数分别为63和94个(平均2.32个)。遗传变异主要存在于品种间(95%),群体之间(5%)差异较小,聚类分析将供试材料分为5类,日本引进品种没有形成独立的类群。中国东北选育水稻品种的遗传多样性高于日本引进品种,并且保留了日本品种94.7%的等位变异。日本水稻品种中可利用的特异等位基因十分有限,已经不能满足东北地区水稻育种发展的需求。
Using 20 phenotypic traits and 40 SSR markers, 82 phenotypic variations and 108 SSR alleles were detected in 18 rice varieties and 13 japonica cultivars in northeast China, of which, China The phenotypic and SSR alleles of Northeast rice cultivars were 72 and 103 (average, 2.54), respectively. The phenotypic and allelic numbers of introduced varieties in Japan were 63 and 94 (average, 2.32), respectively. Genetic variation mainly existed among cultivars (95%), and among the groups (5%), there was little difference. Cluster analysis divided the tested materials into five categories, and the introduced varieties in Japan did not form independent groups. The genetic diversity of rice varieties in Northeast China was higher than that of Japanese varieties and 94.7% of Japanese varieties were retained. The specific alleles available in Japanese rice varieties are very limited and can no longer meet the needs of rice breeding in Northeast China.