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以莴苣籽为原料,利用超临界CO2对其进行萃取。通过单因素实验考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、CO2流量、一次性投料量、粉碎粒度对莴苣籽油得率的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交实验优化了超临界CO2萃取莴苣籽油的最佳工艺,并采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术分析其脂肪酸组成。结果表明,超临界CO2萃取莴苣籽油的最佳工艺条件为:一次性投料量50 g,粉碎粒度24目,萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度45℃,CO2流量6 L/min和萃取时间4 h。在最佳工艺条件下,莴苣籽油得率为17.92%。莴苣籽油脂肪酸组成主要为亚油酸(56.420%)、油酸(22.562%)、棕榈酸(7.795%),其中不饱和脂肪酸含量为86.682%。
Lettuce seeds as raw materials, the use of supercritical CO2 extraction. The effects of extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time, CO2 flow rate, one-time feeding amount and particle size on lettuce seed oil yield were investigated by single factor experiments. On the basis of single factor experiment, the optimum technology of supercritical CO2 extraction of lettuce seed oil was optimized by orthogonal experiment, and its fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction of lettuce seed oil with supercritical CO2 were as follows: single feeding amount of 50 g, crushing size of 24 mesh, extraction pressure of 30 MPa, extraction temperature of 45 ℃, CO2 flow of 6 L / min and extraction time of 4 h . Under optimum conditions, the yield of lettuce seed oil was 17.92%. The fatty acid composition of lettuce seed oil was mainly linoleic acid (56.420%), oleic acid (22.562%) and palmitic acid (7.795%), in which the content of unsaturated fatty acid was 86.682%.