斯拉沃热.齐泽克是当代最具影响力的激进思想家之一。面对全球资本主义的发展,他将拉康精神分析理论创造性地运用于意识形态—政治分析,并将其与马克思对资本主义商品拜物教的批判和以谢林、黑格尔为代表的德国古典哲学结合起来,形成了一种独特的资本主义批判理论。资本主义作为一种历史性的产物有其自身的界限,即由资本主义本身产生出阻止其无限再生产的对抗,今天这一对抗表现为四种基本形式:生态学危机、新的隔离和贫民窟、知识“私有财产”和现代科学的社会伦理问题。在这四种对抗中,基于“理性的私人运用”所产生的被排斥者和被包容者的对抗尤为关键,这就要求一种与行动紧密相关的新“无产阶级立场”。界限、对抗、行动内在链接于齐泽克的概念框架中,这种对资本主义的独特批判标志着当今西方左派文化政治学的精神分析转向。齐泽克在宁期间第一次系统阐述了自己的资本主义批判理论,其理论意义不亚于德里达的《马克思的幽灵》。 Slavaj Zizek is one of the most influential radical thinkers of the present age. Faced with the development of global capitalism, he creatively applied Lacan’s psychoanalytic theory to ideological-political analysis and compared it with Marx’s critique of the fetishism of capitalist commodities and the German classics represented by Schelling and Hegel, Philosophy combined to form a unique critique of capitalism. Capitalism, as a historical product, has its own limits, that is, confrontations that prevent it from being infinitely reproduced by capitalism itself. Today, this confrontation manifests itself in four basic forms: ecological crisis, new isolation and slums, Knowledge “Private Property ” and the social ethics of modern science. Among the four kinds of confrontation, the confrontation between the excluded and the impounded based on “private use of reason” is particularly crucial, which requires a new “proletarian position” that is closely linked with the action. The unique critique of capitalism, bounding, confrontation, and action intrinsically linked in Zizek’s conceptual framework, marks the turn of the psychoanalysis of the western left-wing cultural politics today. Zizek first systematically expounded his critical theory of capitalism during his stay in Ningxia, its theoretical significance being no less than Derrida’s “Marx’s Ghost.”