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为了选择理想的抗氰药物,本文对四个高铁血红蛋白形成剂(MFA)亚硝酸异戊酯(AN)、亚硝酸钠(SN)、4-二甲氨基苯酚(4-DMAP)和对氨基苯丙酮(PAPP)的作用特点进行了比较。根据药物特性,分别给实验狗吸入AN0.4ml,静注SN20mg.kg-1,肌注4-DMAP3.25mg.kg-1,口服PAPP1.5mg.kg-1。不同时间取血测定高铁血红蛋白(MHb)的含量,观察其MHb形成的速度及浓度,以及对抗狗氢氰酸3LD50中毒的效价。结果表明,AN、SN、4-DMAP、PAPP以及4-DMAP+PAPP达峰时间依次为5、60、30、60、120分钟;高峰浓度依次为10.4%,27.5%,44.0%,27.0%,44.5%;显效快慢依次为AN、4-DMAP、4-DMAP+PAPP、SN和PAPP;持续时间最长者为4-DMAP+PAPP,最短者为AN,4-DMAP与SN相当,介入其中。抗毒效价显示,4-DMAP能使狗全部存活,明显高于AN,4-DMAP+PAPP能有效预防3LD50氢氰酸中毒,实验狗无一死亡。说明四个MFA中4-DMAP既显效快又形成MHb浓度高,持续时间较长,且给药途径方便,是氰化物中毒?
In order to select the ideal anti-cyanide drugs, four methotrexate nitrite (AN), sodium nitrite (SN), 4-dimethylaminophenol (4-DMAP) Acetone (PAPP) role characteristics were compared. According to the characteristics of the drug, inhaled AN0.4ml and SN20mg respectively to experimental dogs. kg-1, intramuscular injection of 4-DMAP3.25mg. kg-1, oral PAPP1.5mg. kg-1. At different times, the content of methemoglobin (MHb) was measured and the speed and concentration of MHb formation and the titer against 3LD50 poisoning of dog hydrocyanic acid were observed. The results showed that the peak time of AN, SN, 4-DMAP, PAPP and 4-DMAP + PAPP were 5, 60, 30, 60 and 120 minutes respectively. The peak concentrations were 10.4%, 27.5% and 44.0% , 27.0% and 44.5%, respectively. The effective rates were AN, 4-DMAP, 4-DMAP + PAPP, SN and PAPP. The longest duration was 4-DMAP + PAPP, the shortest was AN, , Involved. Anti-drug titers showed that 4-DMAP could make all dogs survive, significantly higher than AN, 4-DMAP + PAPP can effectively prevent 3LD50 hydrocyanic acid poisoning, experimental dogs without death. These results indicate that 4-DMAP in four MFAs not only markedly effective, but also formed high MHb concentration, longer duration, and convenient route of administration. Is cyanide poisoning?