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本文在前人有关研究的基础上,从汉语语气词“古少后多”以及人类语言“无调语言语气词少、有调语言语气词多”的事实与分布的角度提出:句末语气词(SFP)和语调(intonation)可以分析为句标短语(CP)层面上同一机制产生的不同结果。具言之,句标短语层的核心补词C0 intonation的句法特征可以通过不同语调素intonationeme的韵律形式来实现(如询问调question intonation,确信调certainty intonation,疑惑调uncertainty intonation,建议调suggestive intonation等等)。然而,加之于语句之上的语调(F~0)的实现一旦受到来自该语言其他语音因素(如声调F~0)的干扰和拒阻,便可能从超音段形式(语调)转化为音段形式(语气词)。换言之,语气词可以分析为语调的一种变体。据此,文章推测西周以前汉语没有句末语气词而春秋战国以后才出现的事实可能和声调的产生或发展有一定的关系。文章最后指出:人类语言用音段还是超音段手段表现语调,或许就是语调的一种参数([±超音段])。
On the basis of previous researches, from the perspective of fact and distribution of Chinese modal particles “ancient and less frequently ” and human language “less toned tone of speech ” The SFP and intonation can be analyzed as different outcomes of the same mechanism at the CP level. In other words, syntactic features of C0 intonation at the syntactic phrase level can be realized by the prosodic forms of different intonationeme (such as asking intonation, confirming certainty intonation, doubting intonation, suggestive intonation, etc. Wait). However, the realization of the intonation (F ~ 0) added to the sentence may be changed from the supersonic form (intonation) to the sound (intonation) once it is interfered and rejected by other speech factors in the language (such as tone F ~ 0) Paragraph form (modal particle). In other words, modal particles can be analyzed as a variant of intonation. Accordingly, the article speculates that the fact that the Chinese did not have the final modal particle prior to the Western Zhou Dynasty, but appeared after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period, may have a certain relationship with the production or development of the tone. The article concludes with a conclusion that human speech or tone may be an intonation parameter ([supersonic segment]).