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试验采用微区定位方法,研究免耕栽培条件下不同秸秆覆盖量对大豆田土壤温度的影响。结果表明:秸秆覆盖平作免耕栽培处理间随秸秆覆盖量增加,土壤温度呈下降趋势,较0%秸秆覆盖常规秋翻垄作对照比,0、30、60、100%秸秆覆盖免耕处理分别降低0.35~4.39、0.45~4.55、0.57~5.34、0.77~6.14℃;各生育时期间以苗期各处理土温与对照差异最大,开花以后土温差异变小;各处理不同土层间降温幅度为0.46~3.62℃,仍以苗期降幅最大为3.62℃。因此,在高纬度寒地应用秸秆还田免耕技术关键是在苗期采用增温措施,促进幼苗发育。
The experiment uses the micro-location method to study the effect of different straw mulching on soil temperature under no-tillage cultivation. The results showed that the soil temperature decreased with the increase of straw mulch, compared with the conventional straw mulching with 0% straw mulching. The control of 0, 30, 60, 100% straw mulching with no-tillage decreased 0.35 ~ 4.39,0.45 ~ 4.55,0.57 ~ 5.34,0.77 ~ 6.14 ℃. The differences of soil temperature between the treatments at the seedling stage and the control were the largest, and the differences of the soil temperature after flowering became smaller. The temperature decrease range of the different treatments was 0.46 ~ 3.62 ℃, still the largest decline in seedling stage 3.62 ℃. Therefore, in the high latitude of the application of straw returning to zero tillage technology is the key step in the use of warming measures to promote seedling development.