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目的了解福建省2008~2012年手足口病死亡病例特征及危险因素,采取有针对性的防控措施,降低手足口病的病死率。方法利用疾病监测信息报告管理系统2008~2012年手足口病死亡病例报告资料,进行描述性流行病学分析;以2012年报告的21例死亡病例为病例组,随机从当年报告的637例住院重症病例中选择42例作为对照组进行病例对照研究。结果 2004~2012年福建省共报告77例手足口病死亡病例,其中实验室诊断69例,临床诊断病例8例。实验室确诊病例的病原体100%为EV 71。死亡病例分布在全省的41个县(区、市),占全省46.59%。男性病死率为32.42/10万,女性病死率为31.32/10万。性别之间病死率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄越小,病死率越高(P<0.05)。病例对照研究显示是病例的实验室结果(OR=10.017,95%CI=1.940~51.711)是死亡病例的危险因素。结论病例的实验室结果对预测病例是否死亡非常重要,手足口病住院重症病例应尽快采集相关标本进行检测鉴别病原体。
Objective To understand the characteristics and risk factors of death from hand-foot-mouth disease in Fujian province from 2008 to 2012 and to take targeted prevention and control measures to reduce the mortality of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 21 fatal cases reported in 2012 were selected from the data of death from hand, foot and mouth disease reported by the Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System from 2008 to 2012. A total of 637 reported cases of hospitalized severe 42 cases were selected as a control group for case-control study. Results A total of 77 HFMD deaths were reported in Fujian Province from 2004 to 2012, of which 69 were laboratory diagnosed and 8 were clinically diagnosed. 100% of laboratory confirmed pathogens are EV 71. The deaths are distributed in 41 counties (districts and cities) in the province, accounting for 46.59% of the province. Male mortality was 32.42 / lakh and female mortality was 31.32 / lakh. There was no significant difference in the case fatality rate (P> 0.05). The younger, the higher the mortality (P <0.05). Case-control studies have shown that the laboratory results of the cases (OR = 10.017, 95% CI = 1.940 ~ 51.711) are risk factors for death. Conclusion The laboratory results of the case are very important for predicting the death of cases. Hand-foot-mouth disease inpatients with severe cases should collect relevant specimens as soon as possible to detect and identify pathogens.