论文部分内容阅读
选择题:A型题:请从A、B、C、D、E中选择1个最佳答案。 1.鉴别肾盂肾炎是复发抑/或再感染宜采用:A.尿细菌培养、菌落计数和药敏试验;B.亚硝酸盐还原试验;C.检查细菌表面有无抗体包裹 D.尿高渗培养;E.确定尿中细菌的血清型。 2.尿毒症患者发生肾性骨病的主要原因是:A.尿钙排出增多;B.继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进;C.尿磷排出减少;D.营养不良和低蛋白血症;E.活性维生素D合成障碍。 3.诊断急性肾功能衰竭,下列哪一项是错误的?A.阴离子间隙变小;B.尿钠浓度>40mEq/L;C.补液后尿量不增加;D.尿肌酐/血浆肌酐<20;E.尿渗量浓度为300mOsm/kgH_2O。
Multiple choice: Type A: Please choose one of the best answers from A, B, C, D, E. 1. Identification of pyelonephritis is recurrent / re-infection should be used: A. Bacterial culture of urine, colony count and drug sensitivity test; B. Nitrite reduction test; C. Check the bacterial surface with or without antibody package D. Urine hypertonicity Culture; E. determine the serotypes of bacteria in the urine. 2. The main causes of renal osteodystrophy in uremic patients are: A. Increased urinary calcium excretion; B. Secondary hyperparathyroidism; C. Decreased urinary phosphate excretion; D. Malnutrition and hypoproteinemia; E. Active vitamin D synthesis disorders. 3. Diagnosis of acute renal failure, which of the following is wrong? A. anion gap smaller; B. sodium urinary concentration> 40mEq / L; C. urine volume does not increase after rehydration; D. urine creatinine / 20; E. Urine osmolality of 300mOsm / kgH2O.