柴油机强化程度的提高通常与气缸-活塞组件温度的增高相联系,这就要求采取有效措施来防止其零件过热。气缸-活塞组件,特别是缸套上部壁面的温度要急剧升高,在ДМ-21A型柴油机中,壁面是靠通过缸套加厚外壁上的许多垂直孔流过的水得到强烈冷却。然而,如研究结果表明,在使用条件下缸套壁面温度应保持在相当狭窄的范围内[1]。这一温度如果升高或降低至允许范围之外,将会使气缸-活 Increased levels of diesel engine reinforcement are often associated with increased cylinder-piston temperatures, which requires that effective measures be taken to prevent overheating of parts. In the ДМ-21A diesel engine, the temperature of the cylinder-piston assembly, especially the upper wall of the cylinder liner, rises sharply, and the wall is strongly cooled by the water flowing through many vertical holes in the thickened outer wall of the cylinder liner. However, as the results of the study show, the liner wall temperature should be kept within a fairly narrow range under service conditions [1]. If this temperature rises or falls outside the allowable range, it will make the cylinder - live