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随着具有抗菌效应的纳米颗粒被大量报道,纳米颗粒的抑菌杀菌机理也成为重要的研究领域并取得一定进展,本文综述了常见纳米颗粒作用机理的研究进展。当前大多数实验表明,纳米颗粒引起细胞膜的破坏是其抗菌抑菌效应的主要原因,结合已有研究,作者提出,纳米颗粒抑菌杀菌分为四个阶段:同细胞的接触、与细胞膜的相互作用及对膜的破坏、胞内杀菌和细菌死亡。文中重点分析探讨了纳米颗粒同细菌细胞膜作用过程中一些待解答的基础性问题。最后通过比较发现,纳米颗粒同抗生素作用方式相异,而与抗菌肽的作用模式相近,细菌对纳米颗粒较难产生耐药性,这对当前治疗耐药菌株的感染有良好的前景。
With the antibacterial effect of nanoparticles has been reported in large numbers, the antibacterial and bacteriostatic mechanism of nanoparticles has also become an important research area and made some progress. This paper reviewed the research progress of the mechanism of common nanoparticles. Most of the current experiments show that the destruction of the cell membrane caused by nanoparticles is the main reason for its antibacterial and antibacterial effect. Combined with the existing research, the authors propose that the antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect of the nanoparticle is divided into four stages: the contact with the cell, the interaction with the cell membrane Role and damage to the membrane, intracellular sterilization and bacterial death. In this paper, we focus on analyzing and discussing the basic problems to be answered in the process of interaction between nanoparticles and bacterial cell membrane. Finally, it was found by comparison that the mode of action of nanoparticles with antibiotics is different from that of antibacterial peptides, and the mode of action of antibacterial peptides is similar. Bacteria are more difficult to produce drug resistance to nanoparticles, which has a good prospect for the current treatment of drug-resistant strains.