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本文从遗传生化、肿瘤免疫及方法学等方面阐述了α_1AT 的基础理论和临床应用价值。α_1AT 为分子量55000的蛋白水解酶抑制剂,主要在肝脏合成代谢。其酶活性区由特定氨基酸组成,其Pi 编码基因位点有众多的等位基因群,分别与某些疾病相关联。原发性肝癌血清α_1AT 含量与正常人和良性肝病相比相差显著(p<0.001),尤其对甲胎蛋白阴性肝癌有互补诊断作用,两者联合检测可提高肝癌的阳性检出率,提示α_1AT 是一种新的有意义的肝癌标记物。
This article expounded the basic theory and clinical application value of α_1AT from aspects of genetic biochemistry, tumor immunity and methodology. α_1AT is a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor with a molecular weight of 55,000 and is mainly anabolic in the liver. Its enzyme activity region consists of specific amino acids, and its Pi-encoding gene locus has a large number of allele groups, which are associated with certain diseases. The level of serum α_1AT in primary liver cancer was significantly different from normal and benign liver disease (p<0.001), especially for AFP-negative HCC, and the combined detection of both could increase the positive detection rate of liver cancer, suggesting that α_1AT Is a new and meaningful liver cancer marker.