蔡翔先生是中国文学批评界较早就关注“底层”问题的,并于1995年发表了散文集《底层》。何谓“底层”?“底层”原本是一个社会学名词,是随着上世纪80年代开始于中国的改革开放,体制的变革,社会的转型,造成了社会阶层出现各级分化的现象,那些跟不上时代、经济发展的社会群体,逐渐成为只能维持较低生活水平,沉淀到社会的底层。渐而,以文学形式反映这个群体生存状态的写作出现了,并引起各种评论的热潮。以兴起于深圳的“打工文学”为代表,这种来自“底层”的文学该如何定义、写作者身份如何定位、这种文学又行将何处等问题既是本文所要探讨的。 Mr. Cai Xiang was one of the earliest Chinese literary critics who paid attention to the issue of “bottom ”. In 1995, he published the essay “The Bottom Layer.” What is “bottom”? “Bottom ” was originally a sociological term, with the reform and opening up that started in China in the 1980s, the reform of the system and the transformation of society, resulting in the emergence of social stratification at all levels Phenomenon. Those social groups that can not keep up with the times and their economic development have gradually become the bottom that can only be maintained at a low standard of living and are precipitated into the society. Gradually, writings reflecting the existence of this group in the form of literature emerged and caused a boom in various commentary. The rise of “working literature” in Shenzhen as the representative, this from the “bottom” of how to define the literature, how to position the identity of writers, where this literature is going and so on are both discussed in this article.