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一、车辆轻量化的方案和目标一般在研究铁道车辆轻量化时,要选定尽可能轻的系统,同时要应用轻量化技术。车辆的轻量化,首先是安全问题,同时也必须保持良好的舒适性。因此,在充分确保车体所要求的强度和刚度的同时,要对其进行重新评价。轻量化并不等于轻合金化,就是钢制由于结构的改善,往往在许多情况下也还有实现轻量化的余地。在这一点上,极限设计方法是具有重要意义的,一般是将采用有限元法、通过电子计算机进行的强度分析,移入轻量化设计。轻量化研究程序之一示于图1。车体轻量化的最大目标,特别是通过对
First, the vehicle lightweight programs and objectives Generally in the study of light rail vehicles, to choose the smallest possible system, at the same time to apply lightweight technology. Lightweight vehicles, first of all, safety issues, but also must maintain good comfort. Therefore, to fully ensure the required strength and stiffness of the body, it should be re-evaluated. Lightweight does not mean that light alloying, that is, due to the structural improvement of steel, often in many cases there is still room for light weight. At this point, the limit design method is of great significance, generally using the finite element method, the strength analysis by electronic computer, into the lightweight design. One of the light weight research programs is shown in Figure 1. The biggest goal of the lightweight body, especially through the right