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以大量工程现场资料为基础,初步分析2015年长江口航道运行维护特征,以及今后一段时期深水航道维护形势。分析表明,通过维护性疏浚,2015年长江口航道运行状况良好,12.5m深水航道已进入全面发挥效益的稳定运行阶段。2015年南港北槽12.5 m航道维护疏浚强度总体仍保持时空相对集中的分布特征。与2011—2014年相比,2015年南港及圆圆沙段疏浚强度下降近15%,全年1—12月疏浚强度也普遍有所降低,这主要与南港河床地形条件和周边河势的改善,以及疏浚工艺与管理的优化有关。今后一段时期,在长江口河势格局及水沙动力环境整体稳定的前提下,12.5 m深水航道维护态势总体可控,且趋于向好。由于航道回淤时空分布特征未发生根本改变,后续长江口深水航道的重点维护时段和区段依然是夏秋季(6—11月)和北槽中段。
Based on a large number of project site data, preliminary analysis of the operation and maintenance features of the Yangtze River Estuary waterway in 2015 and the situation of deepwater channel maintenance for a period of time in the future will be conducted. The analysis shows that by maintaining dredging, the waterway at the Yangtze Estuary was running well in 2015, and the 12.5m deep water channel has entered into a stable operation with full benefits. In 2015, the dredging strength of the 12.5 m channel maintained by the South-North-North Channel maintained a relatively concentrated spatial-temporal distribution. Compared with 2011-2014, the dredging strength of Nangang and Yuanmusha decreased by nearly 15% in 2015, and the dredging strength also generally decreased from January to December in the whole year, which was mainly attributed to the improvement of the topography and the surrounding river regime of the Nangang Riverbed , And dredging process and management optimization. In the coming period, under the premise of the river pattern and the overall stability of the water and sediment environment in the Yangtze River Estuary, the maintenance of the 12.5 m deep water channel is generally manageable and tends to be better. Since the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of silting in the waterway have not changed fundamentally, the key maintenance periods and sections of the subsequent Yangtze River waterway remain the summer and autumn seasons (June-November) and the middle of the North Passage.