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毛里塔尼亚专属经济区是我国西非过洋性渔业底拖网渔船的主要作业海域之一。本研究根据2010—2015年上海某远洋渔业公司的底拖网渔船生产数据,结合卫星遥感获得的表温和海面高度等数据,利用栖息地指数方法,采用几何平均模型和算术平均模型对毛里塔尼亚底拖网渔场进行了比较研究。结果显示,毛里塔尼亚海域底拖网作业的时间为1—4月和7—12月。各月基于表温、海面高度距平值和海底水深的适应性指数表明渔场的适宜海洋环境范围有差异。AMM模型中,HSI大于0.6的作业网次比例为76.10%,作业产量比例为78.66%,平均网次产量随着HSI的增加逐渐增大,从HSI为0~0.2时的29.37 kg/网次,增加到HSI为0.8~1.0时的47.20 kg/网次;GMM模型中,作业网次所占比例只有66.71%,作业产量比例为71.18%,平均网次产量随HIS的增加没有呈现合理的规律。本研究认为AMM模型更加适合于毛里塔尼亚底拖网渔场的预报。
The exclusive economic zone of Mauritania is one of the main operational areas for trans-oceanic bottom trawlers in West Africa. Based on the data of bottom trawler production of a certain oceanic fishery company in Shanghai from 2010 to 2015 and the surface temperature and sea surface height obtained from satellite remote sensing, this study used the Habitat Index method and the geometric mean model and arithmetic mean model to analyze the bottom trawl fishery Conducted a comparative study. The results show that bottom trawl operations in the Mauritania Sea are conducted from January to April and from July to December. The monthly acclimation indices based on surface temperature, sea level anomalies and seafloor water depth indicate that there are differences in the range of suitable marine environments for fisheries. In the AMM model, the proportion of operating networks with HSI greater than 0.6 was 76.10% and the operating output ratio was 78.66%. The average net output increased with the increase of HSI. From the HSI of 29.37 kg / To 47.20 kg / net with HSI of 0.8-1.0. In the GMM model, only 66.71% of the operating net and 71.18% of the operating net output were obtained. The average net yield did not show a reasonable pattern with the increase of HIS. This study suggests that the AMM model is more suitable for forecasting bottom trawl fisheries in Mauritania.