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本文采用断点回归估计方法与2010-2012年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据库,全面审视了主观空气污染与居民幸福感之间的关系。研究发现:(1)环保模范城市引起主观空气污染的改善显著提高了居民幸福感;在非模范城市内部,较低等级空气质量引起主观污染的恶化明显损害了居民幸福感;而等级为优和良的客观空气质量对居民幸福感并未产生不利影响;(2)分群样本研究进一步表明,主观空气污染的改善和恶化对居民幸福感存在非对称影响,即主观污染的改善对男性、高收入、城镇和东部地区居民幸福的提升作用较大,但主观空气污染的恶化对女性、低收入、城镇和中西部地区居民的损害更为明显。因此,政府为提升居民福利不仅需要切实提高当地的空气质量,还需要改善居民对空气质量水平的主观感受。
In this paper, we use the break-point regression method and the China Consolidated Social Survey 2010-2012 (CGSS) database to comprehensively examine the relationship between subjective air pollution and residents’ well-being. The findings are as follows: (1) The improvement of subjective air pollution caused by environmental protection model cities significantly improved residents’ happiness. In non-model cities, the deterioration of subjective pollution caused by lower air quality obviously undermined the happiness of residents; The objective air quality has no negative impact on the happiness of residents; (2) The study of the cluster sample further shows that the improvement and deterioration of subjective air pollution have an asymmetric impact on the well-being of residents, that is, the improvement of subjective pollution has a negative effect on the male, high-income, Urban and eastern residents have a greater impact on happiness, but the deterioration of subjective air pollution has harmed women, low-income residents, urban residents and residents in central and western regions. Therefore, in order to enhance residents’ welfare, the government needs to improve not only the local air quality but also the subjective feelings of residents on the air quality level.