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目的 研究头孢吡肟和其他 5种 β 内酰胺抗微生物药对 1997～ 1998年中国不同地区的 10家教学医院分离 937株菌的敏感性。方法 采用梯度浓度MIC法 (Etest ABBiodiskCo .)测定了头孢吡肟 ,头孢他啶 ,头孢曲松 ,亚胺培南 ,头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦 ,哌拉西林对 937株分离菌的最小抑菌浓度。结果 研究全过程都有质控菌株同步监测 ,96 .5 % (82 9/ 85 9次 )的MIC值在美国临床实验室标准化委员会 (NCCLS)规定范围内。在对产染色体 1型 β 内酰胺酶的主要菌 :肠杆菌属和弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌方面 ,只有亚胺培南和头孢吡肟的活性 >90 % ,后者活性较三代头孢菌素有极显著的加强 ;对于产超广谱 β 内酰胺酶的主要菌 :大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌属方面 ,头孢吡肟活性比三代头孢菌素略好 (敏感率为 98%和 95 % ) ;对苯唑西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 ,除头孢他啶外 ,所有药敏感率均高达 95 %～ 10 0 %。头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、亚胺培南和头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦对绿脓假单胞菌有几乎相同的活性 (17%～ 2 1%耐药率 )。不动杆菌只对亚胺培南和头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦敏感性好 (97%和 89% )。结论 在 6个较新的β 内酰胺药中 ,按活性的高低依次排序如下 :亚胺培南 (937株中 97%的菌株敏感 ) >头孢吡肟 (89% ) >头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦 (
Objective To investigate the sensitivity of cefepime and five other β-lactam antimicrobials to the isolation of 937 bacteria from 10 teaching hospitals in different parts of China from 1997 to 1998. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, cefoperazone / sulbactam and piperacillin against 937 isolates were determined by the gradient concentration method (Etest ABBiodiskCo.). RESULTS: The quality control strains were simultaneously monitored in the whole process of the study. The MIC values of 96.5% (82/9/85) were within the limits set forth by the American Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). In the production of chromosomal type 1 β-lactamase main bacteria: Enterobacter andFlora Citrobacter, only imipenem and cefepime activity> 90%, the latter activity than third-generation cephalosporins There is a very significant enhancement; For cephalosporin-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella, cefepime slightly better than third-generation cephalosporins (sensitivity of 98% and 95%) The susceptibility to oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci was 95% ~ 100% except ceftazidime. Cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem and cefoperazone / sulbactam had almost the same activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17% -2 21% drug resistance). Acinetobacter is only sensitive to imipenem and cefoperazone / sulbactam (97% and 89%). Conclusions Among the 6 newer beta-lactamases, the order of their activity is as follows: imipenem (97% of 937 strains sensitive)> cefepime (89%)> cefoperazone / Tan