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以14份海南黎族聚居区的山栏稻为研究材料、以原产于中国的69份亚洲栽培稻和110份普通野生稻为对照组,分别对核中SSⅡ基因、ITS基因和Ehd1基因、叶绿体中ndhC-trnV基因以及线粒体中cox3基因等5段序列进行测序,分析基因序列多样性和单倍型,并揭示海南黎族聚居区山栏稻的起源地和驯化过程。结果表明,黎族聚居区山栏稻的基因多样性低于亚洲栽培稻,而亚洲栽培稻的基因多样性低于普通野生稻;85%左右的山栏稻为偏粳型;山栏稻与广东和湖南的普通野生稻亲缘关系较近,而与海南的普通野生稻的亲缘关系较远,推测黎族的山栏稻可能起源于广东和湖南的普通野生稻。
In this study, 14 wild rice cultivars from Hainan Li ethnic group were used as control materials. Sixty-nine cultivated Asian cultivars and 110 wild Oryza rufipes (Oryza sativa L.) native to China were used as control. The SSⅡ, ITS and Ehd1 genes, chloroplast The ndhC-trnV gene and the cox3 gene in mitochondria were sequenced to analyze the gene sequence diversity and haplotype, and to reveal the origin and domestication of Shanhaiguan rice in Hainan Li ethnic area. The results showed that the genetic diversity of the hillside rice inhabiting the Li ethnic area was lower than that of the Asian cultivated rice, while the genetic diversity of the Asian cultivated rice was lower than that of the common wild rice. About 85% of the hillside rice was partial japonica type. It had a close genetic relationship with common wild rice in Hunan and a distant relationship with common wild rice in Hainan. It is speculated that the wild rice in Li ethnic might originated from common wild rice in Guangdong and Hunan.