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目前国内外学者对胃癌的病因、遗传易感和癌变机制进行了较广泛的研究,但发病的确切分子机制仍未完全阐明。hMLH1基因是一个错配修复基因,其功能异常后,导致细胞错配修复功能缺陷,产生遗传不稳定性,表现为微卫星不稳定性(micro satellite instability,MSI)增加及继发原癌基因和抑癌基因的突变。FHIT基因作为一个新的抑癌基因,其失活与许多上皮性恶性肿瘤的发生密切相关。该文仅对MSI、hMLH1及FHIT基因与胃癌关系的研究现状作一综述。
At present, scholars at home and abroad have made a more extensive study on the etiology, genetic predisposition and carcinogenesis of gastric cancer, but the exact molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. The hMLH1 gene is a mismatch repair gene whose dysfunction causes the defect of cell mismatch repair, resulting in genetic instability characterized by increased microsatellite instability (MSI) and secondary proto-oncogene and Tumor suppressor gene mutations. FHIT gene as a new tumor suppressor gene, its inactivation and many epithelial malignancies are closely related. This article reviews the current status of MSI, hMLH1 and FHIT gene and gastric cancer.