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从云南“世界烟草品种园”10种烟草的根、茎、叶中分离得到199株内生真菌,根据r DNA-ITS系统发育分析鉴定为17属25种,其中格孢腔菌目Pleosporales内生真菌的种类和数量最多;茎点霉属Phoma、链格孢属Alternaria和镰孢菌属Fusarium为主要优势属,相对频率分别为25.1%、24.6%和11.6%,优势度Y值分别为0.251、0.172和0.104。烟草不同组织内生真菌的种群结构存在显著差异,分离自根的内生真菌的主要优势属为Fusarium和Phoma,Y值分别为0.235和0.123;分离自茎的内生真菌的主要优势属为Phoma和Alternaria,Y值分别为0.186和0.155;分离自叶片的内生真菌的主要优势属为Alternaria,Y值为0.286。Phoma从烟草根茎叶中均可分离得到,而Alternaria只分布在地上部茎叶中,Fusarium只分布在根茎中,表明这3个优势属真菌对根茎叶组织的专化性不同。
199 endophytic fungi were isolated from roots, stems and leaves of ten tobacco species in “World Tobacco Garden” in Yunnan Province. According to the rDNA-ITS phylogenetic analysis, 25 species belonging to 17 genera were identified, of which Pleosporales The species and quantity of endophytic fungi were the most. Phoma sp. Phoma, Alternaria and Fusarium were the main dominant genera, the relative frequencies were 25.1%, 24.6% and 11.6%, respectively. The dominant Y values were 0.251, 0.172 and 0.104. The population structure of endophytic fungi in different tissues of tobacco was significantly different. The main advantages of endophytic fungi isolated from roots were Fusarium and Phoma, with Y values of 0.235 and 0.123, respectively. The main advantage of endophytic fungi isolated from stems was Phoma And Alternaria, the Y values were 0.186 and 0.155, respectively. The main advantage of the endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves was Alternaria with a Y value of 0.286. Phoma can be isolated from tobacco rhizomes and leaves, while Alternaria only distributed in aboveground stems and leaves, Fusarium only distributed in rhizomes, indicating that the three dominant fungi have different specificities on rhizomes and leaves.