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目的分析肾综合征出血热(HFRS)宿主鼠类群落结构及其生态位特征。方法以Shannon-Weaner的群落多样性指数、Pielou群落均匀度指数、优势度指数、Levins生态位宽度指数、Petraitis生态位重叠指数定量描述疫区内HFRS宿主鼠类的种群结构及生态位特征。结果①不同试验疫区内宿主鼠类的群落存在一定差异,两试验疫区的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数总体差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),第一试验疫区小于第二试验疫区,但两试验疫区内的Pielou均匀度指数和优势度指数总体差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);②两试验疫区内小家鼠和褐家鼠的空间、时间生态位宽度均很高,褐家鼠和小家鼠的空间、时间生态位重叠指数最大,其余鼠种在自然村内也具有较大的适应空间。结论宿主动物的群落结构因地理生态环境的不同具有一定差异,自然村内以褐家鼠和小家鼠为优势鼠种,二者在空间、时间生态位上均占据优势地位。
Objective To analyze the host mouse community structure and niche characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods Shannon-Weaner community diversity index, Pielou community evenness index, dominance index, Levins niche breadth index and Petraitis niche overlap index were used to quantitatively describe the population structure and niche characteristics of HFRS host mice in the epidemic area. Results ① There was a significant difference in the host mice community among different experimental areas. The overall Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the two experimental areas was statistically significant (P <0.05). The first test area was smaller than the second test area , But there was no significant difference in the Pielou evenness index and dominance index between the two experimental epidemic areas (P> 0.05). (2) The spatial and temporal niche breadths of both Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus High, Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus space, the time niche overlap index is the largest, the rest of the rats in the natural village also has a larger space for adaptation. Conclusion The community structure of host animals is different due to different geographical and ecological environments. Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus are the dominant species in the natural villages, both of which occupy a dominant position in space and time niche.