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目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童在语义工作记忆任务下不同脑区的功能状态。方法ADHD儿童与正常学龄儿童各9名,分别进行行为学评估和功能MR(fMR)扫描,刺激任务采用区组(BLOCK)设计的倒退N计数(N-BACK)模式下语义工作记忆任务。fMR扫描采用GE3.0TMR记录提取阶段大脑的反应。结果ADHD儿童在语义工作记忆任务下激活普遍低于正常组,在1-BACK任务中双侧额中回、额下回、双侧顶上小叶、顶下小叶、右基底节激活低于正常组,而在2-BACK任务中双侧额中回、额下回、双侧顶上小叶、左侧顶下小叶、右基底节及前扣带回激活低于正常组。结论ADHD儿童的工作记忆功能区包括双侧背外侧前额叶及双侧顶叶存在功能低下,在高负荷的2-BACK任务下并有执行功能区(前扣带回)的激活降低。
Objective To study the functional status of different brain regions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under semantic working memory task. Methods Nine children with ADHD and 9 normal children were enrolled and behavioral assessment (MR) and functional MR (fMR) scans respectively were performed to stimulate semantic working memory task in the N-BACK mode with BLOCK design. fMR scan using GE3.0TMR record of the brain during the extraction reaction. Results ADHD children under the semantic working memory task activation generally lower than the normal group, in the 1-BACK task bilateral frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral apical lobule, apical lobule, right basal ganglia activation was lower than the normal group , While in the 2-BACK task, bilateral frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral apical lobule, left inferior parietal lobule, right basal ganglia and anterior cingulate gyrus activated less than the normal group. Conclusions The working-memory functional areas of ADHD children, including the dorsoventral prefrontal and bilateral parietal lobes, are dysfunctional and under the high load 2-BACK task with reduced activation of the executive function zone (anterior cingulate gyrus).