钢轨扣件能使线路保持正确轨距,防止钢轨在侧压力作用下不至发生侧向倾复,还可吸收由钢轨传递的牵引力和制动力。英国直到1948年铁路国有化时仍采用工字型钢轨,见图1,轨底安在铸造铁坐上,靠木楔塞紧在轨腰与铁坐间,并将铸造铁坐紧固在轨枕上。 Rail fastener allows the line to maintain the correct gauge to prevent the rail from lateral dumping under lateral pressure and to absorb the traction and braking forces transmitted by the rail. In the United Kingdom, the I-shaped rails were still used until the nationalization of the railway in 1948. See Figure 1. The rails were seated on the cast irons and tightly wedged between the rails and the iron sits. The cast iron was fastened to the sleepers on.