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目的全面了解学校学生伤害的分布及其影响因素,为今后制定学校伤害综合干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用监测、问卷调查、现场查看和小组专题访谈等方法进行综合监测调查。结果学生伤害报告率为1.16%,伤害发生的主要场所是学校(占70.59%)。伤害原因前3位依次为跌落(倒)、碰撞/挤压伤和打/踢/拧/咬/抓伤;学生伤害相关行为因素发生率前3位依次是在楼梯上追跑打闹推搡、与人动手打架和为了逞能而做危险动作。学校已制定伤害管理的预案和制度,但仍有同学打闹或追逐现象。老师认为造成学生伤害事故多发的原因主要是学生体质差,老师们承认学校伤害发生的隐患还是存在的。讨论由于伤害监测判定标准不统一,实际学生伤害发生率高于报告率和调查发生率;加强学生的步行交通安全教育不容忽视;学校应该在继续做好教育干预的同时,加强技术干预和强制干预。
Objective To comprehensively understand the distribution of school injuries and its influencing factors in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating comprehensive interventions for school injuries in the future. Methods Monitoring, questionnaires, on-site visits and group interviews were conducted to conduct comprehensive monitoring and investigation. Results The reported rate of student injury was 1.16%. The main place of injury was school (70.59%). The top three in the order of injury were fall (crash), collision / crush injury and hit / kick / twist / bite / scratch injury. The top 3 students’ behavioral factors related to injury were the following: , Fighting with humans and doing dangerous moves in order to succeed. Schools have set injury prevention plans and systems, but students still slapstick or chase the phenomenon. The teacher believes that the main reason for the high incidence of student injury accidents is the poor physical constitution of the students. The teachers admit that the hidden dangers of school injuries still exist. Discussion As the standard of injury monitoring is not uniform, the actual incidence of student injury is higher than the report rate and the incidence of investigation; to strengthen students’ education of pedestrian traffic safety can not be ignored; schools should continue to do a good job of education intervention, strengthen technical intervention and mandatory intervention .