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采用间歇式灌溉与常规淹灌的水分管理模式,结合不同氮肥水平及施用方式的氮肥运筹模式,研究了超级早稻“两优287”产量和氮素吸收利用的差异,以期为双季早稻生产提供合理的水、氮管理模式。结果表明,间歇式灌溉的产量、生物产量和氮素积累总量以施氮量180 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:3:2组合、施氮量225 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:5:0组合的较高,常规淹灌以施氮量225 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:5:0组合、施氮量225 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:3:2组合的较高,而氮肥表观利用率以间歇式灌溉、施氮量180 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:5:0组合的最高。采用间歇式灌溉可确保适宜的有效穗数,增加每穗粒数,提高结实率和千粒重;促进生育后期的生物量及氮素积累量;提高叶片的氮转运量及比例、氮转运贡献率和氮肥表观利用率,降低100 kg籽粒需氮量。试验中不同组合模式以间歇式灌溉、施氮量180 kg/hm2及基肥:分蘖肥:穗肥为5:3:2组合更优,适合用于实际生产。
Based on the water management model of intermittent irrigation and conventional flooding, the differences of nitrogen yield and nitrogen uptake and utilization of super early rice “Liangyou 287” were studied in combination with different modes of nitrogen fertilizer application and nitrogen application. Production to provide a reasonable water and nitrogen management. The results showed that the yield, biomass and nitrogen accumulation of intermittent irrigation were increased with the nitrogen application rate of 180 kg / hm2 and basal fertilizer: the ratio of tillering fertilizer to panicle fertilizer of 5: 3: 2, nitrogen application rate of 225 kg / hm2 and basal fertilizer : The tillering fertilizer: The panicle fertilizer is 5: 5: 0, the conventional irrigation is 225 kg / hm2 and the base fertilizer: the tillering fertilizer is 5: 5: 0, the nitrogen application is 225 kg / hm2 and basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: the ratio of panicle fertilizer to 5: 3: 2 was higher, while the apparent nitrogen utilization rate was intermittent irrigation with nitrogen application rate of 180 kg / hm2 and basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 5: 5 : 0 the highest combination. Intermittent irrigation can ensure the appropriate effective panicle number, increase the number of grains per panicle, increase the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight; promote biomass and nitrogen accumulation in later growth period; increase the amount and proportion of nitrogen translocation and the contribution rate of nitrogen translocation Apparent utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, reducing nitrogen requirement of 100 kg grain. Different combination modes of experiment were better than intermittent irrigation with nitrogen application rate of 180 kg / hm2 and basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer with 5: 3: 2 combination, which was suitable for practical production.