鲁迅的上海研究与杂文写作

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"上海"作为鲁迅20世纪30年代杂文写作的语境,使鲁迅形成了以上海为方法观察和理解中国的眼光,认为上海可以表征当时整个中国圈层化的状况.鲁迅从媒介(话语)、直接经验、颠倒表里和乡下人自觉等四个视角研究上海,充分拓展自己以上海为方法观察和理解中国的丰富内涵,从而展现出动态的阶级意识,提升了杂文介入社会的能力.因此,鲁迅虽然重视小说,但选择以杂文作为主要的写作形式,通过杂文介入上海的文化政治实践.但鲁迅对以上海为方法仍存怀疑,也怀疑在上海建构具有历史主体性的对象的可能,遂转而在乡愁的意义上书写"荒村",将目光投向上海之外.
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