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采用单因素随机区组实验设计,研究不同施肥处理对党参产量和次生代谢物合成积累量的影响,确定合理的施肥配比和采收期,为党参规范化栽培提供依据。试验结果显示,适量氮肥有利于党参根直径和根生物量的提高,磷肥可以促进党参多糖含量的增加,有机肥可以提高党参炔苷的含量。党参产量、多糖及醇溶性浸出物含量随着生长时间的延长而增加,党参炔苷含量随着生长时间的延长而减少。综合各因素分析,试验区党参的合理采收期应为10月下旬,施用有机肥对党参生物量和次生代谢物的积累最有利。
Single-factor randomized block experiment design was used to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield of Codonopsis pilosula and the accumulation of secondary metabolites, to determine the reasonable fertilization ratio and harvest time, and to provide the basis for the standardization cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula. The results showed that suitable amount of nitrogen fertilizer was beneficial to the increase of root diameter and root biomass of Codonopsis pilosula. Phosphate fertilizer could promote the increase of polysaccharide content of Codonopsis pilosula and organic fertilizer could increase the content of Ciprofloxacin. The contents of Codonopsis pilosula, polysaccharides and alcohol-soluble extract increased with the prolongation of growth time, and the content of Ciprofloxacin decreased with the growth of growth time. According to the analysis of various factors, the reasonable harvest period of Codonopsis pilosula in the experimental area should be late October, and the application of organic fertilizer is most advantageous to the accumulation of Codonopsis pilosula biomass and secondary metabolites.