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目的:探讨高海拔地区孕期盆底肌锻炼结合分娩时使用无保护会阴接生法对初产妇分娩结局的影响。方法:将2014年10月—2015年11月在我院行产前检查的初产妇266例,随机分为观察组135例,对照组131例,观察组由1名专职健康教育助产士任教盆底肌锻炼课程,分娩时采用无保护会阴接生法。对照组仅做一般常规产前检查,不做盆底肌锻炼,分娩时采用常规保护会阴的分娩方式。对两组产妇第二产程时间、分娩方式、会阴损伤情况,产后2小时阴道流血量,新生儿出生情况进行评估。结果:观察组各项指标与对照组比较有显著差异。结论:在高海拔地区孕期进行盆底肌锻炼,产时采用无保护会阴接生法能促进第二产程进展,提高自然分娩率,降低会阴侧切及撕裂率,新生儿窒息发生率,提高产科分娩质量。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercises during pregnancy on the delivery outcomes of primipara by using unprotected perineal birth during delivery. Methods: 266 cases of primipara from October 2014 to November 2015 in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group (n = 135) and control group (n = 131). The observation group consisted of a full-time health education midwife teaching pelvic floor Muscle training courses, unprotected perineal birth birth law. Control group only routine general prenatal examination, do not exercise pelvic floor muscle, childbirth routine protection of the perineal delivery mode. The duration of second stage of labor, mode of delivery, perineal injury, vaginal bleeding at 2 hours postpartum and birth of newborns were evaluated in two groups. Results: There were significant differences between the observation group and the control group. Conclusion: The pelvic floor muscle exercise during pregnancy in high altitude during delivery can improve the progress of the second stage of labor with unprotected perineal birth, improve the rate of natural delivery, reduce episiotomy and tear rate of the episiotomy, the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and improve the obstetric delivery quality.