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背景:头颈部肿瘤与遗传因素密切相关,但其一级亲属是否为肿瘤高风险人群?中药五加皮有抗突变的染色体稳定剂,能否提高一级亲属的抗癌能力?目的:探讨头颈部肿瘤的遗传因素及五加皮对其染色体的稳定作用。设计:以人外周血为对象的对照实验。单位:吉林大学基础医学院医学遗传学教研室及第一医院耳鼻咽喉科,英国华威(沃瑞克)大学。对象:对象来源时间为2001-10/2002-03。头颈肿瘤患者及其一级亲属均来自吉林大学第一医院耳鼻喉科,健康人群来自长春市中心血站健康献血者。实验对象共110例,分为3组。①对照组50例,男25例,女25例;来自健康献血者;均无癌家族史,身体健康,无癌症和病史。②患者组30例,男22例,女8例;喉癌20例,鼻咽癌10例;未经放射治疗及抗肿瘤药物治疗。③一级亲属组30例,男19例,女11例;为喉癌、鼻咽癌患者的一级亲属;除有癌家族史外,身体健康。以上参与者均知情同意。方法:采集实验对象外周血,进行淋巴细胞培养,培养周期为72h,在67h时加入致诱变剂博来霉素(15mg/L),抗诱变实验加入博来霉素的同时加入五加皮(800mg/L)。继续培养72h收获细胞,常规方法制片,吉姆萨不显带染色。选择分散好的分裂相,观察染色体的断裂情况。计算平均每细胞染色单体断裂率(即等于本组中所有染色单体断裂的总和除以所有观察的细胞总数)。主要观察指标:每细胞染色单体断裂率。结果:患者3组110例进入结果分析。①应用博来霉素所致的每细胞染色单体断裂率:对照组明显低于患者组及一级亲属组(0.16±0.06,0.48±0.14,0.42±0.12,P<0.01),但患者组及一级亲属组比较无差异(P>0.05)。②应用五加皮和博来霉素后与单纯应用博来霉素所致每细胞染色单体断裂率的比较:患者组及一级亲属组均显著降低(0.48±0.14,0.15±0.08,0.42±0.12,0.17±0.11,P<0.01)。结论:头颈部肿瘤患者的一级亲属应列为肿瘤易患高风险人群,加入五加皮发挥了染色体稳定剂的作用,对博来霉素所致的患者及一级亲属每细胞染色单体断裂率有明显的抑制作用。
BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer is closely related to genetic factors, but is its first-degree relatives a high-risk population of cancer? Chinese medicine Wujiapi anti-mutation chromosome stabilizers, can improve the first-degree relatives of anti-cancer ability? Genetic Factors of Head and Neck Tumor and the Stabilizing Effect of Wujiapi on Their Chromosomes. Design: a control experiment targeting human peripheral blood. Unit: Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Hospital, Warwick (Warwick) University. Object: The object came from 2001-10 / 2002-03. Head and neck cancer patients and their first-degree relatives are from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Hospital of Jilin University, healthy people from Changchun City Blood Center blood donors. A total of 110 subjects were divided into three groups. ① control group of 50 patients, 25 males and 25 females; from healthy blood donors; no family history of cancer, good health, no cancer and history. ② The patient group of 30 patients, 22 males and 8 females; laryngeal cancer in 20 cases, nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 10 cases; without radiotherapy and anti-tumor drug treatment. ③ first-degree relatives in 30 cases, 19 males and 11 females; for laryngeal cancer, first-degree relatives of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma; except cancer family history, good health. All participants agreed informed. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from peripheral blood mononuclear cells for lymphocyte culture. The incubation period was 72h. The mutagen bleomycin (15mg / L) was added at 67h. Bleomycin Skin (800mg / L). Continue to cultivate 72h harvested cells, the conventional method of preparation, Giemsa no band staining. Choose a well-dispersed split phase to observe the chromosomal rupture. The mean cell breakage rate per cell was calculated (ie, equal to the sum of all the chromatid breaks in this set divided by the total number of cells observed). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Chromatid breakage per cell. Results: 110 patients in 3 groups entered the result analysis. (1) The rate of chromatid breakage per cell induced by bleomycin was significantly lower in the control group than in the patient group and the first-degree relatives (0.16 ± 0.06,0.48 ± 0.14,0.42 ± 0.12, P <0.01), but the patient group And first-degree relatives no difference (P> 0.05). ② Compared with the simple application of bleomycin, the cleavage rate of chromatid per cell in the treated group was significantly lower than that in the first-degree relatives (0.48 ± 0.14,0.15 ± 0.08,0.42 ± 0.12, 0.17 ± 0.11, P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: First-degree relatives of patients with head and neck cancer should be classified as high-risk cancer patients. Adding Jia-Jia-Pei plays a role as a chromosomal stabilizer. The staining results of bleomycin-induced patients and first-degree relatives per cell Body rupture rate significantly inhibited.