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土耳其是北约在中东伊斯兰地区唯一的成员国,也是美国在中东军事基地部署历史最长的国家。美国在该国的基地部署可分为冷战时期、冷战结束初期、反恐时期和中东剧变以来四个阶段,其功能分别是阻止苏联向地中海东部地区扩张、遏制伊拉克与俄罗斯、发动反恐战争和应对中东剧变以来地区局势的不确定性。影响美国在土耳其军事基地部署的主要有四个因素,即美国在东地中海的利益、东地中海地区的安全威胁、东道国土耳其的立场与基地部署的法律依据。上述因素决定了美国在土耳其军事基地部署的绩效与未来发展轨迹。
Turkey is NATO’s only member state in the Middle East’s Islamic region and the longest-running U.S. deployment in the Middle East. The deployment of the United States base in the country can be divided into four stages during the Cold War, the early Cold War, the anti-terrorism period and the Middle East drastic changes. Their functions are to stop the Soviet Union from expanding to the eastern Mediterranean region, deterring Iraq and Russia, launching a war on terror and responding to the Middle East Uncertainty about the situation in the region since the drastic changes. There are four main factors that affect the deployment of the United States to the Turkish military bases: the U.S. interests in the Eastern Mediterranean, the security threats in the Eastern Mediterranean, the host country’s position in Turkey and the legal basis for its deployment. These factors determine the performance and future trajectory of the deployment of the United States to the Turkish military bases.