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三线建设企业是特殊历史背景下的产物。由于受“靠山、分散、隐蔽”选址方针的影响,三线企业大多建在农村、山区。从人口密度、生产方式、户籍身份、生活方式与社会差异、社会关系等方面分析,三线企业同时具有城市社会和乡村社会的特征。究其本质,三线企业是一种介于城市和乡村之间的特殊“单位社会”。三线企业有着不同于一般单位组织的特点:地理位置偏僻,封闭性和自给自足性更强,呈现出文化孤岛特征;作为“嵌入式”企业,形成了独特的移民文化和“厂文化”。改革开放以后,三线企业的社会状况发生了极大的变化,主要趋势是逐渐从“单位社会”向“社区社会”转变。
Third-tier construction companies are the product of a special historical background. Due to the impact of the “backing, decentralization, and concealment” selection policy, most of the third-tier companies are built in rural areas and mountain areas. From the aspects of population density, production methods, household registration status, lifestyle and social differences, and social relations, the third-tier enterprises also have the characteristics of urban society and rural society. In its essence, the third-tier enterprise is a special “unit society” between the city and the country. The third-tier companies have different characteristics from the general unit organizations: geographical location is remote, closed and self-sufficient, showing a cultural island characteristics; as an “embedded” enterprise, a unique immigration culture and “plant culture ”. After the reform and opening up, the social conditions of the third-line enterprises have undergone tremendous changes. The main trend is to gradually shift from “unit society” to “community society”.