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利用88对籼粳特异性分子标记对收集于我国东北三省的35份杂草稻和36份栽培稻遗传基础及籼粳分化进行研究,结果表明上述标记能够高效地鉴别稻属资源的籼粳属性,共检测到156个等位基因,平均有效等位基因(Na)为1.773。遗传多样性分析表明,东北地区杂草稻多样性水平略高于当地栽培稻,其中杂草稻的等位基因数(Na)、杂合度(He)、基因多样性(Hsk)以及多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为1.659、0.006、0.076和0.085,而东北栽培稻分别为1.557、0.004、0.060和0.067。遗传结构和聚类分析结果表明,东北地区杂草稻与栽培稻具有较近的亲缘关系,均存在一定程度的籼粳分化。进一步对籼粳血缘进行相对量化分析发现,杂草稻的籼型基因型频率(F_i=0.050)略高于当地栽培稻(F_i=0.043)。东北三省籼型基因型频率变化趋势为:辽宁杂草稻(0.062)>辽宁栽培稻(0.058)>吉林栽培稻(0.048)>黑龙江杂草稻(0.041)>吉林杂草稻(0.024)>黑龙江栽培稻(0.020)。
The genetic basis and indica-japonica differentiation of 35 weedy rice cultivars and 36 cultivated rice cultivars collected in three provinces of Northeast China were studied using 88 indica-japonica-specific molecular markers. The results showed that these markers could efficiently identify indica-japonica A total of 156 alleles were detected. The average effective allele (Na) was 1.773. The analysis of genetic diversity showed that the diversity of weedy rice in northeastern China was slightly higher than that of local cultivated rice, including the number of alleles (Na), heterozygosity (He), genetic diversity (Hsk) and polymorphism Information content (PIC) was 1.659, 0.006, 0.076 and 0.085 respectively, while northeast cultivated rice was 1.557, 0.004, 0.060 and 0.067 respectively. The results of genetic structure and cluster analysis showed that weedy rice and cultivated rice in northeast China had relatively close genetic relationship with some degree of indica-japonica differentiation. The relative quantitative analysis of indica and japonica blood relatives showed that the indica genotype frequency of weedy rice (F_i = 0.050) was slightly higher than that of local cultivated rice (F_i = 0.043). The frequency of indica genotypes in three northeastern provinces was as follows: Liaoning weedy rice (0.062)> Liaoning cultivated rice (0.058)> Jilin cultivated rice (0.048)> Heilongjiang weedy rice (0.041)> Jilin weedy rice Cultivated rice (0.020).