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目的:探讨儿童不同病原体肺炎与免疫学特点及临床意义,并总结治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析在唐山市妇幼保健院治疗的158例肺炎患儿,分别行病毒IgM抗体检测、血清肺炎支原体IgM抗体检测,呼吸道分泌物标本分别接种于血平板、巧克力平板等,分析病原体培养及免疫学检测结果。结果:经过病毒IgM抗体检测、支原体IgM抗体检测,呼吸道分泌物标本、巧克力平板培养发现,158例肺炎患儿细菌感染占42%,支原体感染30%,病毒感染28%。在66例细菌感染患儿中,革兰阴性菌感染占75%,革兰阳性菌感染占25%。提倡多病原联合检测,明确病原是合理使用抗生素的基础。结论:儿童肺炎的治疗应结合临床经验治疗,及时的标本留取,完善的化验检查,如胸部X线检查、常规、标本培养、免疫学检测,确定感染病原体,合理、正规使用抗感染药物。免疫学检测已成为目前广泛应用的指导临床治疗的重要手段。
Objective: To investigate the pneumonia and immunology characteristics of children with different pathogens and clinical significance, and summarize the treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 158 cases of children with pneumonia treated in Tangshan MCH hospital, respectively, the virus IgM antibody detection, serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody detection, respiratory secretions specimens were inoculated on blood plates, chocolate plates, analysis of pathogen culture And immunological test results. Results: After 158 cases of pneumonia bacterial infection accounted for 42%, mycoplasma infection 30%, viral infection 28%. After virus IgM antibody detection, mycoplasma IgM antibody detection, respiratory secretions samples, chocolate plate culture. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 75% of the 66 cases of bacterial infections in children, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 25%. Promote joint detection of multiple pathogens, a clear pathogen is the basis for the rational use of antibiotics. Conclusion: The treatment of pediatric pneumonia should be combined with clinical experience and treatment, timely specimens should be taken and improved laboratory tests, such as chest X-ray examination, routine, specimen culture and immunological tests, to confirm the infectious pathogens, reasonably and formally use anti-infective drugs. Immunological testing has become a widely used method of guiding clinical treatment.