含氮杂环类阴离子受体是目前超分子阴离子识别领域研究的热点之一。此类受体具有主体结构丰富、可调节性强、识别范围广、选择性强、灵敏度高等优点。本文综述了以吡咯、吲哚、咪唑、吡唑等含氮杂环为识别基团的阴离子受体的设计原理、识别性能和机理,展望了该领域的发展方向。 Nitrogen-containing heterocycle anion receptors are one of the hot topics in the field of supramolecular anion recognition. Such receptors with the main structure of the rich, strong regulation, identification of a wide range of selectivity, high sensitivity and so on. This review summarizes the design principles, recognition performance and mechanism of anion acceptors with nitrogenous heterocycles such as pyrrole, indole, imidazole and pyrazole as their recognition groups, and prospects their development in this field.