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目的了解退休初期煤炭企业管理者心理健康状况与社会支持、应对方式的关系,为有针对性地开展老年工作提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法抽取开滦集团386名退休煤炭企业管理者进行症状自评量表、社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷评估。结果①386名退休初期煤炭企业管理者中,30.9%的人可能存在心理问题,并且女性心理问题检出率明显高于男性(χ2=4.568,P<0.05);②消极应对、社会支持总分与退休初期煤炭企业管理者的心理健康显著相关,并且能够联合解释退休初期煤炭企业管理者心理健康4.7%的变异量,社会支持直接预测心理健康,消极应对在支持的利用度和心理健康之间起中介作用。结论 30.9%的退休初期煤炭企业管理者存在心理问题,男性心理问题低于女性;社会支持正向预测心理健康水平,消极应对在支持的利用度和心理健康之间起中介作用。
Objective To understand the relationship between mental health and social support and coping styles of coal managers in the early retirement period and provide the basis for carrying out the work of geriatric targeting. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to extract the 386 retired coal managers of Kailuan Group to conduct self-assessment of symptoms, social support questionnaire and simple coping style questionnaire assessment. Results ① Among the 386 coal mine managers who retire early, 30.9% of them may have psychological problems, and the detection rate of female psychological problems is significantly higher than that of men (χ2 = 4.568, P <0.05); ② Negative coping, social support total score and At the initial stage of retirement, the mental health of managers in coal enterprises was significantly correlated, and the amount of variation in mental health of managers in coal enterprises during the initial retirement period can be jointly explained by 4.7%. Social support directly predicts mental health, and negative coping plays a role in supporting the utilization and mental health Mediating Role. Conclusion 30.9% of the managers of coal enterprises in early retirement have psychological problems, and their male psychological problems are lower than those of women. Social support is positively predicting the mental health level and passive coping plays an intermediary role in supporting the utilization and mental health.